Expression patterns and clinical implications of chaperonin subunit 3 mRNA and protein in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma

doi:10.5306/wjco.v16.i12.112161

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology

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World J Clin Oncol. Dec 24, 2025; 16(12): 112161
Published online Dec 24, 2025. doi: 10.5306/wjco.v16.i12.112161

Expression patterns and clinical implications of chaperonin subunit 3 mRNA and protein in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma

Bin-Yu Mo, Jia-Ying Wen, Guo-Qiang Chen, Jing-Wen Ling, Han He, Zi-Li Qin, Fang-Yun Tian, Qi Li, Bin Li, Jian-Di Li, Rong-Quan He, Di-Yuan Qin, Zong-Yu Li, Gang Chen, Chao-Hua Mo, Chang Chen, Shi-Hua Yin, Li Yang

Bin-Yu Mo, Shi-Hua Yin, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530007, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China

Bin-Yu Mo, Zi-Li Qin, Fang-Yun Tian, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Liuzhou People’s Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou 545000, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China

Jia-Ying Wen, Department of Radiotherapy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530007, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China

Guo-Qiang Chen, Jing-Wen Ling, Han He, Qi Li, Bin Li, Jian-Di Li, Zong-Yu Li, Gang Chen, Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China

Jing-Wen Ling, Department of Medical Information Engineering, School of Information and Management, Nanning 530199, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China

Rong-Quan He, Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China

Di-Yuan Qin, Department of Computer Science and Technology, School of Computer and Electronic Information, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China

Chao-Hua Mo, Department of Pathology, Xiaolan People’s Hospital of Zhongshan, Xiaolan People’s Hospital of Zhongshan, Zhongshan 528415, Guangdong Province, China

Chao-Hua Mo, Department of Pathology, Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhongshan 528000, Guangdong Province, China

Chang Chen, Department of Pathology, Wuzhou Red Cross Hospital, Wuzhou 543000, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China

Li Yang, Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530007, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China

Co-first authors: Bin-Yu Mo and Jia-Ying Wen.

Co-corresponding authors: Shi-Hua Yin and Li Yang.

Author contributions: Mo BY and Wen JY contributed equally to this article, they are the co-first authors of this manuscript; Mo BY, Wen JY, He RQ, Chen G, Yin SH, and Yang L designed the research project, supervised various experiments and statistical analyses, and revised the manuscript; Chen GQ, Ling JW, He H, Li JD, Li ZY, and Chen C performed large-scale data screening, and re-analysis of gene microarray and RNA-sequencing data; Mo CH, Qin ZL, Tian FY, Li Q, and Li B conducted the clinical pathology study, including immunohistochemical experiments and assessment; Qin DY performed data visualization; Yin SH and Yang L contributed equally to this article, they are the co-corresponding authors of this manuscript; and all authors thoroughly reviewed and endorsed the final manuscript.

Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 82160213 and No. U22A2022; and the Guangxi Natural Science Foundation, No. 2023GXNSFAA026029, No. 2024GXNSFBA010059, and No. 2024GXNSFAA010079.

Institutional review board statement: This study was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of Wuzhou Red Cross Hospital, approval No. LL2024-116; Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. KY[2022]193; and Guilin Fanpu Biotechnology Company Limited, approval No. Fanpu[2018]23.

Conflict-of-interest statement: All the authors report no relevant conflicts of interest for this article.

Data sharing statement: All data included in this study are available upon request by contact with the corresponding author.

Open Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/

Corresponding author: Shi-Hua Yin, Professor, Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 166 East Daxue Road, Xixiangtang District, Nanning 530007, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, China. shihuayin@gxmu.edu.cn

Received: July 21, 2025
Revised: September 13, 2025
Accepted: November 20, 2025
Published online: December 24, 2025
Processing time: 157 Days and 2.8 Hours

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) is a prevalent head and neck malignancy with suboptimal survival rates due to late detection and therapeutic resistance.

AIM

To investigate chaperonin-containing TCP1 subunit 3 (CCT3) expression and its clinical implications, and its effects on LSCC cell growth.

METHODS

Systematic data on CCT3 mRNA expression were collected from biomedical databases, and integrated further based on the standardized mean difference and the summary receiver operating characteristic curve. Single-cell RNA-seq data were mined to validate the expression level of CCT3 mRNA. In-house immunohistochemistry was performed to explore the CCT3 protein levels of clinical LSCC samples and their relationship with clinical parameters. The growth function of LSCC cell was analyzed using CRISPR knockout screening. CCT3-related signaling pathway analyses were conducted using gene set enrichment analysis. Protein-protein interaction network construction was performed to identify hub genes.

RESULTS

CCT3 mRNA was significantly overexpressed in 269 LSCC tissues cases across multiple independent datasets (standardized mean difference = 32, area under the curve = 0.93); At the translational level, the in-house immunohistochemical analysis further demonstrated the consistent upregulation of CCT3 protein in 88 cases of LSCC samples (58 non-LSCC samples vs 30 LSCC samples, P = 1.4e^-14). Analysis of clinical parameters showed no significant differences among subgroup. Functional characterization with clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats--mediated gene knockout revealed that depletion of CCT3 potently suppressed LSCC cell viability in vitro. Gene set enrichment analysis indicated that CCT3 was markedly associated with several key oncogenic pathways, including extracellular matrix receptor interaction and cell cycle regulation pathways.

CONCLUSION

CCT3 upregulation in LSCC may influence cellular growth by regulating related pathways, indicating its potential as a biomarker and therapeutic target for LSCC.

Keywords: Laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma; Chaperonin-containing TCP1 subunit 3; Gene expression; Summary receiver operating characteristic; Area under the curve

Core Tip: In this study, single-cell RNA-seq and functional clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats screening demonstrated the overexpression of chaperonin-containing TCP1 subunit 3 in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma, thereby showing its role in promoting cell viability. Gene set enrichment analysis indicated that chaperonin-containing TCP1 subunit 3 is involved in extracellular matrix receptor interaction and cell cycle pathways, highlighting its potential as a biomarker and therapeutic target for laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma.