Subnational situation and public awareness of cancer control in China

doi:10.5306/wjco.v16.i10.110246

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Oct 24, 2025 (publication date) through Oct 27, 2025

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology

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2218-4333

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World J Clin Oncol. Oct 24, 2025; 16(10): 110246
Published online Oct 24, 2025. doi: 10.5306/wjco.v16.i10.110246

Subnational situation and public awareness of cancer control in China

Zhuo-Yu Li, Yuan Yang, Rui Wang, Xin-Zu Chen, SIGES Research Group

Zhuo-Yu Li, Xin-Zu Chen, SIGES Research Group, Gastric Cancer Center & Gastric Cancer Laboratory, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China

Yuan Yang, Department of Gastrointestinal and Hernia Surgery, Second Yibin People’s Hospital - West China Yibin Hospital, Sichuan University, Yibin 644000, Sichuan Province, China

Rui Wang, Department of Gastroenterology, Nursing Section, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China

Xin-Zu Chen, Ya’an Cancer Prevention and Control Center, Ya’an People’s Hospital - West China Ya’an Hospital, Sichuan University, Ya'an 625000, Sichuan Province, China

Xin-Zu Chen, Ya’an Key Laboratory for High Altitude Medicine, Ya’an People’s Hospital - West China Ya’an Hospital, Sichuan University, Ya'an 625000, Sichuan Province, China

Co-first authors: Zhuo-Yu Li and Yuan Yang.

Co-corresponding authors: Rui Wang and Xin-Zu Chen.

Author contributions: Li ZY and Yang Y was responsible for literature review, analysis, interpretation, and manuscript writing; Wang R served as a principal investigator of the SIGES project team, and provided academic guidance and interpretation; Chen XZ served as a principal investigator of the SIGES project team, overseeing project initiation, analysis interpretation, manuscript writing, and academic guidance. Li ZY and Yang Y contributed equally to this work as co-first authors. Wang R and Chen XZ are principal investigators of the Sichuan Gastric Cancer Early Detection and Screening (SIGES) research group, which aims to investigate and improve gastric cancer prevention, massive or opportunistic screening strategy and relevant health policy support. These two authors collaborated in the overlapped research perspectives and simultaneously contributed to conception, literature work, interpretation and academic inspection of the present mini-review. The co-correspondence indicates that both Wang R and Chen XZ are independently and equally available to answer and communicate with readers for relevant concerns of the present mini-review or potential collaboration with certain investigators or SIGES research group.

Supported by Foundation of Science and Technology Department of Sichuan Province, China, No. 23ZDYF0839; Medical Research Project of Yibin Health Commission, No. 2021-34; Ya'an Science and Technology Plan of Economic and Social Development (Health Field), No. 2024-1; and Ya’an Philosophic and Social Science Research Plan, No. YAA20240035.

Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Open Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/

Corresponding author: Xin-Zu Chen, MD, PhD, Professor, Gastric Cancer Center & Gastric Cancer Laboratory, Department of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guo Xue Xiang, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China. chenxinzu@scu.edu.cn

Received: June 3, 2025
Revised: June 15, 2025
Accepted: September 19, 2025
Published online: October 24, 2025
Processing time: 143 Days and 16.4 Hours

Abstract

Significant progress has been made in cancer control in China over the past decades, but one of the crucial issues remains the low proportions of early-stage diseases among the leading cancers. Subnational cancer control in China has diverse and specific features, especially in rural areas, where needs support to improve screening accessibility and medical intervention quality. Using cancer registry data from Yibin for a subnational observational study, urban-rural disparities in cancer incidence, mortality, and mortality indexes were analyzed. The crude incidence of all-site cancers was higher in urban districts. The crude mortality of all-site cancers was comparable between urban and rural areas, but the mortality index of all-site cancers was higher in rural areas. Awareness of cancer control both among public healthcare providers and the public should be enhanced to improve the early detection of cancers. In particular, more facilitated medical education and public health education are needed to improve domestic awareness of cancer control and increase the public awareness rate of core knowledge on cancer control. Massive and opportunistic screening and surveillance of high-risk subpopulations require more comprehensive encouragement and greater compliance. Therefore, increasing the detection rate of early-stage cancers is of paramount importance to substantially improve cancer survival rates in China.

Keywords: Cancer control; Epidemiology; Public health; Urban-rural disparity; Survival; Mortality

Core Tip: Substantial progress has been achieved in the cancer control in China in the past decades, but the detection rate of early stage is low. Subnational cancer control in China has diverse and specific features, and there is urban-rural disparity and mortality rate is higher in rural population. Awareness of cancer control both among healthcare providers and the public needs to be enhanced through medical and public health education.