Lipoprotein (a) levels are elevated in psoriasis: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis

Table 1 Characteristics of eligible studies

Ref.	Year	Country	Study design	Population	Comorbidities	Psoriatic patients mean age (mean ± SD)	Controls mean age (mean ± SD)	Age and sex-matched controls
Seçkin et al[14]	1994	Turkey	Cohort	Psoriasis	Obesity, hypertension, smoking	36 ± 13	36 ± 15	Male only
Jones et al[16]	2000	United Kingdom	Case-control	Psoriatic arthritis	Gout	46 ± 13	46 ± 13	Yes
Rocha-Pereira et al[15]	2001	Portugal	Case-control	Psoriasis	-	47 ± 12	47 ± 13	Yes
Uyanik et al[17]	2002	Turkey	Case-control	Psoriasis	-	38 ± 5	-	Yes
Pietrzak et al[18]	2009	Poland	Cross-sectional	Psoriasis	-	37 ± 13	34 ± 12	Male only
Coimbra et al[19]	2010	Portugal	Cohort	Psoriasis	Smoking	43 ± 15	47 ± 15	Yes
Asefi et al[23]	2012	Iran	Case-control	Psoriasis	-	35 ± 11	36 ± 13	Yes
Ferretti et al[20]	2012	Italy	Case-control	Psoriasis	-	47 ± 13	41 ± 8	Yes
Oliviero et al[21]	2012	Italy	Case-control	Psoriatic arthritis	-	45 ± 15	-	Yes
Nemati et al[22]	2013	Iran	Cross-sectional	Psoriasis	-	35 ± 10	33 ± 11	Yes
Asefi et al[25]	2014	Iran	Case-control	Psoriasis	-	35 ± 11	36 ± 13	Yes
Papagoras et al[24]	2014	Greece	Cross-sectional	Psoriasis	Hypertension, smoking	48	49	Yes
Sunitha et al[26]	2015	India	Case-control	Psoriasis	-	45 ± 14	43 ± 11	Yes
Sorokin et al[27]	2018	Japan	Cohort	Psoriasis	Dyslipidemia	50 ± 13	40 ± 14	Yes
Wadhwa et al[28]	2019	India	Case-control	Psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis	Smoking and alcohol consumption, hypertension, diabetes, metabolic syndrome	41 ± 14	43 ± 5	Yes
Miao et al[29]	2019	China	Case-control	Psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis	Obesity, alcohol consumption, smoking, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes	52 ± 14	50 ± 14	Yes
Garshick et al[31]	2021	United States	Case-control	Psoriasis	Obesity	44 ± 14	-	Yes
Wang et al[30]	2022	China	Case-control	Psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis	Obesity, smoking and alcohol consumption, hypertension, diabetes, metabolic syndrome	NA	NA	No

NA: Not available.

Table 2 Lipoprotein (a) levels in psoriasis patients and healthy controls

Ref.	Year	Psoriasis patients (n)	Psoriasis Lp(a) (mg/dL)	Controls (n)	Controls Lp(a) (mg/dL)	P value
Seçkin et al[14]	1994	32	13.8 ± 11.8	13	7.5 ± 8.9	NS
Jones et al[16]	2000	50	23.0 ± 20.1	50	21.8 ± 20.3	NS
Rocha-Pereira et al[15]	2001	48	63.8 ± 40.1	40	31.8 ± 18.1	< 0.001
Uyanik et al[17]	2002	72	27.4 ± 3.6	30	19.4 ± 4.5	< 0.01
Pietrzak et al[18]	2009	34	34.2 ± 23.6	26	21.9 ± 14.4	0.029
Coimbra et al[19]	2010	34	57.0 ± 49.7	37	34.9 ± 26.4	≤ 0.01
Asefi et al[23]	2012	100	19.2 ± 16.5	100	17.1 ± 17.0	NS
Ferretti et al[20]	2012	23	29.6 ± 18.3	25	12.8 ± 2.6	< 0.001
Oliviero et al[21]	2012	14	9.7	33	5.6	NS
Nemati et al[22]	2013	90	19.2 ± 16.5	90	17.1 ± 15.1	NS
Asefi et al[25]	2014	100	19.4 ± 16.9	100	17.1 ± 17.1	NS
Papagoras et al[24]	2014	56	12.5	71	13.5	NS
Sunitha et al[26]	2015	45	28.0 ± 9.1	45	20.8 ± 7.0	< 0.001
Sorokin et al[27]	2018	232	23.1 ± 19.4	20	14.7 ± 12.7	0.004
Wadhwa et al[28]	2019	132	12.6 ± 35.9	132	4.5 ± 4.0	< 0.001
Miao et al[29]	2019	222	19.0 ± 23.0	445	15.0 ± 19.0	0.028
Garshick et al[31]	2021	35	17.0 ± 14.0	15	9.0 ± 20.0	0.02
Wang et al[30]	2022	152	14.0 ± 17.5	152	12.5 ± 15.1	NS

Lp(a): Lipoprotein (a); NS: Not significant.

Table 3 Quality appraisal of the included studies using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale for case-control studies

Ref.	Selection				Comparability	Exposure			Total score
	Case definition	Case representativeness	Controls selection	Controls definition		Ascertainment	Same method of ascertainment	Non- response rate
Jones et al[16]	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes, yes	Yes	Yes	-	8/9
Rocha-Pereira et al[15]	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes, yes	Yes	Yes	-	8/9
Uyanik et al[17]	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes, yes	Yes	Yes	-	8/9
Pietrzak et al[18]	Yes	Yes	-	Yes	Yes, yes	Yes	Yes	-	7/9
Asefi et al[23]	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes, yes	Yes	Yes	-	8/9
Ferretti et al[20]	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes, yes	Yes	Yes	-	8/9
Oliviero et al[21]	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes, yes	Yes	Yes	-	8/9
Nemati et al[22]	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes, yes	Yes	Yes	-	8/9
Asefi et al[25]	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes, yes	Yes	Yes	-	8/9
Papagoras et al[24]	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	-	7/9
Sunitha et al[26]	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes, yes	Yes	Yes	-	8/9
Wadhwa et al[28]	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes, yes	Yes	Yes	-	8/9
Miao et al[29]	Yes	Yes	-	Yes	Yes, yes	Yes	Yes	-	7/9
Garshick et al[31]	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	-	7/9
Wang et al[30]	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes, yes	Yes	Yes	-	8/9

Table 4 Quality appraisal of the included studies using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale for Cohort studies

Ref.	Selection				Comparability	Outcome			Total score
	Exposed cohort representativeness	Non exposed cohort selection	Exposure ascertainment	Outcome demonstration of interest not present at start of study		Assessment	Follow up long enough	Cohorts follow up adequacy
Seçkin et al[14]	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes, yes	Yes	-	-	7/9
Coimbra et al[19]	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes, yes	Yes	-	Yes	8/9
Sorokin et al[27]	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	Yes	-	7/9