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©The Author(s) 2025.
World J Clin Cases. Sep 6, 2025; 13(25): 108244
Published online Sep 6, 2025. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v13.i25.108244
Published online Sep 6, 2025. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v13.i25.108244
Table 1 Demographic and clinical profile of participants
General characteristics | Number of patients (%) | |
Sex | Male | 3 (20.0) |
Female | 12 (80.0) | |
Age | 20s | 1 (6.6) |
30s | 0 (0) | |
40s | 3 (20.0) | |
50s | 0 (0) | |
60s | 7 (46.6) | |
70s | 4 (26.6) | |
Duration of symptom | Less than 1 year | 3 (20.0) |
1-3 years | 2 (13.2) | |
3-5 years | 1 (6.6) | |
5-10 years | 5 (33.3) | |
More than 10 years | 3 (20.0) | |
Undetermined | 1 (6.6) | |
Symptom site | Sole | 3 (20.0) |
Thigh | 5 (33.3) | |
Calves | 8 (53.3) | |
Ankle | 6 (40.0) | |
Knee | 1 (6.6) | |
Feet | 1 (6.6) | |
History | Hypertension | 6 (40.0) |
Parkinson’s disease | 1 (6.6) | |
Dyslipidemia | 4 (26.6) | |
Iron deficiency anemia | 1 (6.6) | |
Cardiovascular disease | 3 (20.0) | |
Spinal stenosis | 2 (13.2) | |
Lung disease | 1 (6.6) | |
HIVD of L-Spine | 2 (19.8) | |
Gynecological disease | 2 (13.2) | |
Chronic kidney disease | 1 (6.6) | |
HCP administrating duration | 2-4 weeks | 4 (26.7) |
4-6 weeks | 5 (33.3) | |
More than 6 weeks | 6 (40.0) |
Table 2 Summary of the clinical information and outcomes of each patient with restless legs syndrome taking herbal medicine containing Paeoniae Radix
Case | Age/Sex | Intervention/HCP use period | History | RLS duration/site | Other treatment | K-IRLS before and after treatment/Patient’s complaint after treatment | Adverse events |
P1 | 68/F | Gyejibokryeonghwan/2P#2 51 days, 1P#1 85 days | Atherosclerosis, HTN, spinal stenosis | 2 weeks/sole | None | K-IRLS: Total: Before 12 after 6; Urge to move: before 2 after 0; Duration; before 3 after 1; 0% of symptoms compared to pre-treatment, only noticeable when aware of symptoms | None |
P2 | 48/F | Gamisoyosan/3P#3 140 days | Uterine myoma | 2 years/calves, ankle | None | K-IRLS: Total: Before 19 after 13; Urge to move: before 3 after 1; Severity: Before 3 after 1; 40% of symptoms compared to pre-treatment; Frequency decreased to once a week | None |
P3 | 23/F | Dangguijakyaksan/2P#2 84 days | Nonspecific | 6 years/thigh | None | K-IRLS: Total: Before 22 after 9; Discomfort: Before 3 after 2; Frequency: Before 3 after 1; 20% of symptoms compared to pre-treatment; Declined symptoms severity and occurrence from 4-5 times a week to once a week after treatment | None |
P4 | 73/F | Gyejibokryeonghwan Gamisoyosan/both 2P#2 28 days | HTN, dyslipidemia, HIVD of L-Spine | 12 years/sole | Dopamine agonist (Pramipexole) | K-IRLS: Total: Before 35 after 21; Discomfort: Before 4 after 2; Urge to move: Before 4 after 2; Severity: Before 4 after 2; Relief from movement: Before 4 after 2; 70% of symptoms compared to pre-treatment, especially sleep disorder | None |
P5 | 62/M | Jakyakgamchotang Gyejibokryeonghwan/both 1P#1 15 days | Nonspecific | 8 years/calves, thigh, knee | None | K-IRLS: Total: Before 24 after 10; Discomfort: Before 3 after 1; Urge to move: Before 3 after 1; Frequency: Before 4 after 1; 30% of symptoms compared to pre-treatment, especially daytime tiredness | None |
P6 | 68/F | Gyejibokryeonghwan/3P#3 14 days 2P#2 28 days, 1P#1 42 days; Dangguijakyaksan 1P#1/1P#1 30 days | HTN, dyslipidemia | 4 years/sole | Dopamine agonists (Levodopa, Ropinirole hydrochloride) | K-IRLS: Total: Before 18 after 0; Discomfort: Before 2 after 0; Urge to move: Before 2 after 0; Frequency: Before 3 after 0; 0% of symptoms compared to pre-treatment | None |
P7 | 60/F | Jakyakgamchotang 2P#2; Gyejibokryeonghwan 1P#1/113 days | HTN, dyslipidemia, asthma, HIVD of L-Spine | 6 months/calves, ankle | Iron supplements (Iron acetyltransferrin) | K-IRLS: Total: Before 40 after 0; 0% of symptoms compared to pre-treatment | None |
P8 | 70/F | Jakyakgamchotang 2P#2/35 days; Gyejibokryeonghwan 3P#3/35 days; Sihogyejitang 3P#3/28 days | Meningioma, angina pectoris | Unknown/calves, ankle, sole | None | K-IRLS: Total: Before 30 after 9; Discomfort: Before 4 after 1; Urge to move: before 4 after 1; Severity: Before 4 after 1; 50% of symptoms compared to pre-treatment, especially sleep disorder | None |
P9 | 44/M | Gamisoyosan/2P#2 28 days | Nonspecific | 8 years/calves | None | K-IRLS: Total: Before 16 after 14; Discomfort: Before 2 after 1; Urge to move: Before 2 after 1; 20% of symptoms compared to pre-treatment; especially sleep disorder | None |
P10 | 43/F | Dangguijakyaksan Sihogyejitang/both 2P#2 30 days | CKD | 7 years/calves, thigh, feet | GABA (Pregabalin); Iron supplements (Iron acetyltransferrin) Benzodiazepines (Clonazepam) | K-IRLS: Total: Before 37 after 36; 80% of symptoms compared to pre-treatment; even after the Pregabalin administration was stopped. Symptom frequency and duration were prolonged | None |
P11 | 71/F | Sihogyejitang Danggwisayeokgaohsuyusaenggangtang Gyejibokryeonghwan/all 2P#2 14 days | HTN, dyslipidemia, spinal stenosis, iron deficiency anemia | 10 years / ankle | Iron supplements (Dried ferrous sulfate); Benzodiazepines (Clonazepam); Dopamine agonist (Pramipexole) | K-IRLS: Total: Before 23 after 24; Discomfort: Before 4 after 3; Urge to move: before 4 after 2; 70% of symptoms compared to pre-treatment | None |
P12 | 69/M | Jakyakgamchotang/1P#1 84 days | HTN, BPH | 1 month/thigh | None | K-IRLS: Total: Before 9 after 5; Discomfort: Before 2 after 1; Sleep disorder: Before 2 after 0; 60% of symptoms compared to pre-treatment, the frequency of symptoms occurrence decreased to once a week after treatment; Increased quality of sleep time | None |
P13 | 68/F | Dangguijakyaksan/2P#2 14 days | Nonspecific | 50 years/calves, thigh, ankle | None | K-IRLS: Total: Before 32 after 34; Urge to move: before 4 after 3; Sleep disorder: Before 4 after 3; No change of symptoms | None |
P14 | 74/F | Danggwisayeokgaohsuyusaenggangtang /2P#2 14 days | Nonspecific | 10 years/calves | None | K-IRLS: Total: Before 15 after 19; 90% of symptoms compared to pre-treatment | None |
P15 | 60/F | Jakyakgamchotang/1P#1 14 days | Parkinson’s disease | 1 year/ankle | Dopamine agonists (Pramipexole, Rasagiline); NSAIDs (Naproxen, Celecoxib) | K-IRLS: Total: Before 13 after 9; Severity: Before 2 after 0; Frequency before 2 after 0; 90% of symptoms compared to pre-treatment; Reduced RLS symptom duration from 1 hour to less than 1 minute | None |
Table 3 Comparisons of differences in the Korean version of the international restless legs scale scores before and after the administration of herbal medicine containing Paeoniae Radix
K-IRLS | Baseline | After treatment | P value |
Total score | 23.0 ± 9.7 | 13.9 ± 10.9 | 0.0051 |
Discomfort | 2.6 ± 1.2 | 1.6 ± 1.1 | 0.0331 |
Urge to move | 2.8 ± 1.1 | 1.3 ± 1.1 | 0.0021 |
Relief from movement | 2.2 ± 1.3 | 1.6 ± 1.2 | 0.168 |
Sleep disorder | 2.2 ± 1.3 | 1.6 ± 1.4 | 0.071 |
Day time tiredness | 1.3 ± 1.4 | 1.0 ± 1.2 | 0.632 |
Severity | 2.8 ± 1.0 | 1.2 ± 1.3 | 0.0031 |
Frequency | 3.0 ± 0.9 | 1.6 ± 1.4 | 0.0071 |
Duration | 2.4 ± 1.1 | 1.6 ± 1.4 | 0.0331 |
Effect on daily affairs | 1.8 ± 1.5 | 0.8 ± 1.1 | 0.0351 |
Mood disturbance | 1.4 ± 1.4 | 1.0 ± 1.2 | 0.305 |
Table 4 Comparisons of the Korean version of the International Restless Legs Scale scores according to the herbal medicine containing Paeoniae Radix type
HCP | Administration group | ||
Baseline | After treatment | P value | |
Gyejibokryeonghwan (n = 7) | 26.0 ± 9.7 | 10.0 ± 9.4 | 0.0281 |
Jakyakgamchotang (n = 5) | 23.2 ± 12.6 | 6.6 ± 4.2 | 0.0421 |
Sihogyejitang (n = 3) | 30.0 ± 7.0 | 23.0 ± 13.5 | 0.414 |
Dangguijakyaksan (n = 4) | 27.3 ± 8.8 | 19.8 ± 18.0 | 0.273 |
Danggwisayeokgaohsuyusaenggangtang (n = 2) | 19.0 ± 5.7 | 21.5 ± 3.5 | 0.180 |
Gamisoyosan (n = 3) | 23.3 ± 10.2 | 16.0 ± 4.4 | 0.109 |
- Citation: Lee YS, Lee HG, Kwon S, Cho SY, Jung WS, Park SU, Moon SK, Park JM, Ko CN. Effects of herbal medicines containing Paeoniae Radix on patients with restless legs syndrome: A retrospective chart review study. World J Clin Cases 2025; 13(25): 108244
- URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/2307-8960/full/v13/i25/108244.htm
- DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.12998/wjcc.v13.i25.108244