Kaur H, Arora S, Sharma V, Kaur K, Kamboj S. Study of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases and AmpC beta-lactamases producing Klebsiella from clinical samples in tertiary care hospital of Punjab. World J Virol 2026; 15(1): 118602 [DOI: 10.5501/wjv.v15.i1.118602]
Corresponding Author of This Article
Harpreet Kaur, MD, Department of Microbiology, Guru Gobind Singh Medical College and Hospital, Sadiq Road, Faridkot 151203, Punjab, India. harpreetkaursandhu71@gmail.com
Research Domain of This Article
Microbiology
Article-Type of This Article
Observational Study
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This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Mar 25, 2026 (publication date) through Mar 13, 2026
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Journal Information of This Article
Publication Name
World Journal of Virology
ISSN
2220-3249
Publisher of This Article
Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA
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Kaur H, Arora S, Sharma V, Kaur K, Kamboj S. Study of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases and AmpC beta-lactamases producing Klebsiella from clinical samples in tertiary care hospital of Punjab. World J Virol 2026; 15(1): 118602 [DOI: 10.5501/wjv.v15.i1.118602]
Harpreet Kaur, Shilpa Arora, Vishal Sharma, Kirandeep Kaur, Shivani Kamboj, Department of Microbiology, Guru Gobind Singh Medical College and Hospital, Faridkot 151203, Punjab, India
Author contributions: Kaur H contributed to design, literature search, clinical validation, experiments, statistical analysis, manuscript preparation; Kaur H, Arora S, Sharma V, Kaur K, and Kamboj S contributed towards concepts, clinical study, data analysis, manuscript review, and editing. All authors have read and approved the final manuscript.
Institutional review board statement: The study was initiated after obtaining approval from the Institutional Ethics Committee of G.G.S. Medical College and Hospital, Faridkot.
Informed consent statement: All study participants, or their legal guardian, provided informed written consent prior to study enrollment.
Conflict-of-interest statement: All the authors report no relevant conflicts of interest for this article.
STROBE statement: The authors have read the STROBE Statement-checklist of items, and the manuscript was prepared and revised according to the STROBE Statement-checklist of items.
Data sharing statement: The data supporting this study are not publicly available due to institutional restrictions and confidentiality agreements. Data sharing is subject to ethical approval and restrictions to protect participant confidentiality.
Corresponding author: Harpreet Kaur, MD, Department of Microbiology, Guru Gobind Singh Medical College and Hospital, Sadiq Road, Faridkot 151203, Punjab, India. harpreetkaursandhu71@gmail.com
Received: January 7, 2026 Revised: January 27, 2026 Accepted: March 9, 2026 Published online: March 25, 2026 Processing time: 65 Days and 20.3 Hours
Abstract
BACKGROUND
Klebsiella species are important opportunistic pathogens responsible for various hospital- and community-acquired infections. The rise of multidrug-resistant strains, especially those producing extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) and AmpC beta-lactamases, poses a major challenge to effective antimicrobial therapy and infection control.
AIM
To determine the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of Klebsiella isolates and to detect the presence of ESBL and AmpC beta-lactamases.
METHODS
A one-year cross-sectional study was conducted on 920 Gram-negative isolates, from which 130 non-repetitive Klebsiella isolates (14.13%) were selected. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed, and ESBL and AmpC production were identified using standard phenotypic confirmatory methods.
RESULTS
Among 130 Klebsiella isolates, Klebsiella pneumoniae was the predominant species (n = 92, 70.76%). Most isolates were obtained from patients aged 45-60 years (n = 33, 25.38%) and from pus samples (n = 55, 42.3%), with the highest frequency from surgical departments (n = 36, 27.7%). Among the tested antibiotics, gentamicin showed the greatest susceptibility (n = 81, 62.3%). ESBL production was detected in 77 isolates (59.2%), while 62 isolates (47.69%) produced AmpC beta-lactamases. Co-production of ESBL and AmpC was found in 35 isolates (26.92%).
CONCLUSION
Klebsiella species are significant nosocomial and opportunistic pathogens characterized by high multidrug resistance, often through the production of extended-spectrum and AmpC beta-lactamases. Surveillance, confirmatory testing, and infection control guide antibiotic use and prevent spread.
Core Tip: This study highlights the high prevalence of multidrug-resistant Klebsiella species in a tertiary care hospital, with 59.2% producing ESBL and 47.7% AmpC beta-lactamases. Co-production of both enzymes was observed in 26.9% of isolates, highlighting the urgent need for routine surveillance, phenotypic confirmation, and stringent infection control measures to guide targeted antimicrobial therapy and curb the spread of resistant strains. These findings provide critical insights for clinicians and microbiologists aiming to combat nosocomial Klebsiella infections effectively.
