Imaging of appendicitis: Computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and ultrasound in diagnosis and management

doi:10.4291/wjgp.v16.i4.112695

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Dec 22, 2025 (publication date) through Jan 12, 2026

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pathophysiology

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2150-5330

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

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World J Gastrointest Pathophysiol. Dec 22, 2025; 16(4): 112695
Published online Dec 22, 2025. doi: 10.4291/wjgp.v16.i4.112695

Imaging of appendicitis: Computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and ultrasound in diagnosis and management

Arosh S Perera Molligoda Arachchige, Ana Claudia Teixeira de Castro Gonçalves Ortega, Gabriel Amorim Moreira Alves

Arosh S Perera Molligoda Arachchige, Emergency Service, GHOL-Hopital de Nyon, Nyon 1260, Vaud, Switzerland

Ana Claudia Teixeira de Castro Gonçalves Ortega, Gabriel Amorim Moreira Alves, Faculty of Medicine, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele 20072, Milan, Italy

Author contributions: Perera Molligoda Arachchige AS conceptualized the study, performed the literature review, and drafted the initial manuscript; Teixeira de Castro Gonçalves Ortega AC contributed to literature review, data interpretation, and critical manuscript revisions; Amorim Moreira Alves G supervised the overall project, provided methodological input, and contributed to editing and final approval of the manuscript; and all authors reviewed the manuscript for intellectual content, approved the final version, and agree to be accountable for all aspects of the work.

Conflict-of-interest statement: All the authors report no relevant conflicts of interest for this article.

Open Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/

Corresponding author: Gabriel Amorim Moreira Alves, BSc, Faculty of Medicine, Humanitas University, Via Rita Levi Montalcini 4, Pieve Emanuele 20072, Milan, Italy. gabriel.alves@st.hunimed.eu

Received: August 4, 2025
Revised: August 18, 2025
Accepted: December 1, 2025
Published online: December 22, 2025
Processing time: 141 Days and 10.7 Hours

Core Tip

Core Tip: Imaging is essential in the accurate diagnosis and management of acute appendicitis, with computed tomography as the gold standard in adults, ultrasound preferred in children and pregnant patients, and magnetic resonance imaging increasingly used to reduce radiation exposure. This article integrates evidence-based imaging protocols and professional society guidelines to guide optimal imaging strategies across various clinical scenarios.