Copyright
©The Author(s) 2026. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
Integrated hepatic transcriptome and metabolome reveal the mechanisms of Jiangtang Tiaozhi formula on improving glycolipid metabolic disorder
Jia-Xing Tian, Yan-Jiao Zhang, Yu-Xin Zhang, Jia-Hua Wei, Xin-Yi Fang, Run-Yu Miao, Kai-Le Ma, Hui-Fang Guan, Xin-Miao Wang, Hao-Ran Wu
Jia-Xing Tian, Yan-Jiao Zhang, Kai-Le Ma, Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
Yu-Xin Zhang, Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Acupuncture Neuromodulation, Beijing 100010, China
Jia-Hua Wei, Hui-Fang Guan, Graduate College, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, Jilin Province, China
Xin-Yi Fang, Hao-Ran Wu, Graduate College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
Run-Yu Miao, Department of Integrative Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China
Xin-Miao Wang, Department of Oncology, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China
Co-first authors: Jia-Xing Tian and Yan-Jiao Zhang.
Co-corresponding authors: Xin-Miao Wang and Hao-Ran Wu.
Author contributions: Tian JX and Zhang YJ contributed to conceptualization; Wang XM and Wu HR contributed to methodology; Fang XY contributed to software; Zhang YX contributed to validation and formal analysis; Ma KL contributed to investigation; Zhang YJ contributed to resources, data curation and writing original draft preparation; Tian JX contributed to writing review and editing, project administration, funding acquisition; Wei JH contributed to visualization; Miao RY and Guan HF contributed to supervision; all authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.
Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 82474323; CACMS Outstanding Young Scientific and Technological Talents Program, No. ZZ13-YQ-026; High Level Chinese Medical Hospital Promotion Project, No. HLCMHPP20230CZ40907; Open Project of National Facility for Translational Medicine, No. TMSK-2021-407; and Qiushi Project of the China Association of Chinese Medicine, No. 2024-QNQS-12.
Institutional review board statement: This study does not involve any human experiments.
Institutional animal care and use committee statement: The animal study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences (No. IACUC-GAMH-2019–002).
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
ARRIVE guidelines statement: The authors have read the ARRIVE guidelines, and the manuscript was prepared and revised according to the ARRIVE guidelines.
Open Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See:
https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/ Corresponding author: Hao-Ran Wu, MD, Doctor, Graduate College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 11 Beisanhuandong Road, Chaoyang Street, Beijing 100029, China.
dr-whr@foxmail.com
Received: June 30, 2025
Revised: September 1, 2025
Accepted: December 8, 2025
Published online: February 15, 2026
Processing time: 221 Days and 21 Hours
BACKGROUND
Glycolipid metabolic disorder includes a series of chronic diseases that are closely associated with disturbances in both glucose and lipid metabolism. Jiangtang Tiaozhi formula (JTTZF) demonstrating significant hypoglycemic, lipid-modifying, and anti-inflammatory effects. However, the specific molecular mechanisms underlying JTTZF’s hepatoprotective effects and its ability to ameliorate glycolipid metabolic disorder remain largely unexplored.
AIM
To investigate how JTTZF improves glycolipid metabolic disorder using hepatic transcriptome and metabolome analyses.
METHODS
To induce glycolipid metabolic disorder, male C57BL/6J mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for 12 weeks, after which they received an 8-week administration of JTTZF. Liver tissues were analyzed using transcriptomics and metabolomics. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction validated key gene expression.
RESULTS
Metabolomics data revealed that JTTZF significantly regulated HFD-induced alterations in glycolipid metabolism, with notable changes in pathways such as the pentose phosphate pathway, steroid hormone biosynthesis, and purine metabolism. Transcriptomics profiles indicated that JTTZF exerted regulatory effects on lipid and glucose metabolism, primarily through pathways including peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor signaling, drug metabolism other enzymes, and regulation of lipolysis in adipocytes. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction confirmed that JTTZF modulated pivotal genes associated with fatty acid synthesis, lipolysis, insulin resistance, energy metabolism, and inflammation. These findings suggest that JTTZF may act through multiple pathways to improve glycolipid metabolic disorder.
CONCLUSION
JTTZF can ameliorate the glycolipid metabolic disorder induced by HFD-diet by regulating lipid metabolism and improving insulin tolerance.
Core Tip: This study explores the effects of Jiangtang Tiaozhi formula (JTTZF) on glycolipid metabolic disorder in high-fat diet-induced mice. By integrating hepatic transcriptome and metabolome analyses, we find that JTTZF regulates key genes and metabolites linked to glucose and lipid metabolism. Our results highlight the potential of JTTZF as a therapeutic agent for glycolipid metabolic disorder and provide valuable insights into its underlying mechanisms.
