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Sep 15, 2025 (publication date) through Sep 15, 2025
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Publication Name
World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology
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1948-5204
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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

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Copyright ©The Author(s) 2025.
World J Gastrointest Oncol. Sep 15, 2025; 17(9): 110376
Published online Sep 15, 2025. doi: 10.4251/wjgo.v17.i9.110376
Figure 1
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Figure 1 Classification of pancreatic cystic neoplasms. IPMN: Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm; MCN: Mucinous cystic neoplasm; PCN: Pancreatic cystic neoplasm; SCN: Serous cystic neoplasm; pNEN: Pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasm; PDAC: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma; PACC: Pancreatic acinar cell carcinoma.
Figure 2
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Figure 2 Endoscopic diagnosis of pancreatic cystic neoplasms. PCN: Pancreatic cystic neoplasm; ERCP: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography; EUS: Endoscopic ultrasound; FNA: Fine-needle aspiration; FNB: Fine-needle biopsy; TTNB: The-needle biopsy; nCLE: Needle-based confocal laser endomicroscopy.
Figure 3
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Figure 3 Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration. A: Cross-sectional view of a pancreatic cystic neoplasm; B: Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-confirmed an anechoic pancreatic lesion; C: EUS-guided fine-needle aspiration; D: EUS image of the same lesion after cyst fluid aspiration.
Figure 4
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Figure 4 Endoscopic ultrasound differential diagnosis of pancreatic cystic neoplasms. PCN: Pancreatic cystic neoplasm; EUS: Endoscopic ultrasound; FNA: Fine-needle aspiration; FNB: Fine-needle biopsy; AI: Artificial intelligence.
Figure 5
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Figure 5 Endoscopic treatment flowchart of pancreatic cystic neoplasms. PCN: Pancreatic cystic neoplasm; HGD: High-grade dysplasia; MDT: Multidisciplinary team; EUS: Endoscopic ultrasound; ERCP: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography.
Figure 6
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Figure 6 Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography management of pancreatic cystic neoplasm. A: Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography indicating intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm; B: Endoscopic appearance of the duodenal papilla; C: Endoscopic ultrasound-confirmed communication with pancreatic duct; D: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography-confirmed communication with pancreatic duct; E: Pancreatic sphincterotomy; F: Nasopancreatic drainage.
Figure 7
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Figure 7 Endoscopic ultrasound management of pancreatic cystic neoplasm. A: Cross-sectional view of a pancreatic cystic neoplasm; B: Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-confirmed anechoic pancreatic lesion; C: EUS-guided fine-needle aspiration; D: EUS-guided pancreatic cyst ablation.
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