Integrated transcriptomics and metabolomics reveal neutrophil extracellular trap associated with interferon treatment for chronic hepatitis B

Table 1 General Information, mean ± SD

Indicator	Untreated (A)	1 month treatment (B)	1 month treatment (C)	1 month treatment (D)	P value
Age	43.8 ± 9.78	43.64 ± 14.48	44.4 ± 8.22	44.89 ± 9.47	0.89
Gender (male/female)	7/13	9/11	10/10	7/11	0.606
White blood cell	6.29 ± 2.18	3.03 ± 4.29	3.24 ± 1.21	3.05 ± 1.03	< 0.00010
Red blood cell	4.62 ± 0.46	4.29 ± 1.01	4.25 ± 0.50	4.21 ± 0.35	0.01
Hemoglobin	142.84 ± 17.29	129.70 ± 34.14	127.05 ± 15.55	128.5 ± 13.83	0.006
Platelet	206.16 ± 50.34	146.75 ± 100.24	123.17 ± 65.87	107.02 ± 38.30	< 0.00010
Albumin	48.83 ± 2.84	42.18 ± 10.25	43.72 ± 2.07	44.25 ± 2.81	0.086
Blood sodium	140.03 ± 1.14	133.44 ± 31.24	140.10 ± 19.1	139.985 ± 2.04	0.894
Blood sugar	5.26 ± 0.74	34.50 ± 131.70	36.77 ± 135.92	5.69 ± 2.30	0.576
Cholinesterase	9319.45 ± 2578.19	8358.49 ± 2755.97	9214.00 ± 1445.50	9156.05 ± 2084.53	0.806
Total bilirubin	11.76 ± 4.88	9.09 ± 3.67	10.89 ± 2.71	9.78 ± 2.85	0.184
Creatinine	75.35 ± 16.11	66.36 ± 21.25	60.88 ± 12.67	65.88 ± 18.84	0.038
Urea nitrogen	5.11 ± 1.14	3.80 ± 1.35	19.39 ± 67.47	4.45 ± 0.94	0.42
Alkaline phosphatase	72.64 ± 12.73	82.25 ± 31.81	83.11 ± 19.08	89.21 ± 27.86	0.098
Lactate dehydrogenase	194.06 ± 46.74	195.84 ± 58.65	199.32 ± 39.06	213.36 ± 34.78	0.445
Blood sodium	140.03 ± 1.14	133.44 ± 31.24	140.10 ± 19.1	139.985 ± 2.04	0.894
Blood sugar	5.26 ± 0.74	34.50 ± 131.70	36.77 ± 135.92	5.69 ± 2.30	0.576
Total cholesterol	4.67 ± 1.03	3.72 ± 1.11	3.67 ± 0.71	33.34 ± 131.97	0.422
Triglyceride	1.65 ± 1.39	1.82 ± 1.25	2.30 ± 1.68	1.70 ± 0.83	0.407
LDL cholesterol	2.98 ± 0.77	2.33 ± 0.79	2.38 ± 1.04	2.44 ± 0.90	0.119
Alanine aminotransferase	23.18 ± 15.09	55.77 ± 32.53	51.50 ± 38.80	84.48 ± 83.20	0.003
Aspartate aminotransferase	23.2 ± 7.00	51.98 ± 36.49	45.07 ± 34.40	76.41 ± 66.97	0.002
Blood ammonia	29.57 ± 22.17	26.21 ± 22.70	25.02 ± 34.40	22.14 ± 24.43	0.725
HBsAg (+)	7/13	4/16	11/9	7/13	0.771
SAg	3376.01 ± 5914.90	1234.10 ± 1690.69	1462.75 ± 4858.89	1301.21 ± 4778.69	0.42
HBV DNA	5936.07 ± 16106.14	244.27 ± 238.90	380.00 ± 214.66	491.16 ± 594.03	0.083

LDL: Low-density lipoprotein; HBsAg: Hepatitis B virus surface antigen; SAg: Surface antigen; HBV: Hepatitis B virus.

Table 2 Gene Ontology function of some genes related to integrated study

Gene	Gene Ontology function
ADAMTS5	Integrin binding
AFF2	G-quadruplex RNA binding
AKAP12	Adenylate cyclase binding
CACNG6	Voltage-gated calcium channel activity
FFAR2	G-protein coupled receptor activity
FSTL1	Protein binding
HBEGF	Growth factor activity, heparin binding
HERC5	ISG15 transferase activity
HTR1B	Serotonin receptor activity
ITGB8	Extracellular matrix protein binding
SPOCK3	Metalloendopeptidase inhibitor activity
THSD7A	Extracellular vesicular exosome

ADAMTS5: ADAM metallopeptidase with thrombospondin type 1 motif 5; AFF2: ALF transcription elongation factor 2; AKAP12: A-kinase anchoring protein 12; CACNG6: Calcium voltage-gated channel auxiliary subunit gamma 6; FFAR2: Free fatty acid receptor 2; FSTL1: Follistatin like 1; HBEGF: Heparin binding EGF like growth factor; HERC5: HECT and RCC-like domain-containing protein 5; HTR1B: Hydroxytryptamine receptor 1B; ITGB8: Integrin subunit beta 8; SPOCK3: SPARC (osteonectin), Cwcv and Kazal like domains proteoglycan 3; THSD7A: Thrombospondin type 1 domain containing 7A.