Synergistic potential of combined neural stem cells and mesenchymal stem cells therapy in acute cerebral infarction: A perspective

Abstract

Acute cerebral infarction (ACI) is one of the leading causes of mortality and long-term disability in adults, often resulting in neuronal loss and necrosis, accompanied by severe neurological deficits. Neural stem cells and mesenchymal stem cells play crucial roles in neural repair and protection, primarily through promoting angiogenesis, reconstructing neural networks, and inhibiting neuronal apoptosis. A recent randomized controlled trial demonstrated that combined neural stem cell and mesenchymal stem cell therapy significantly enhances neurological recovery in ACI patients by upregulating the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and basic fibroblast growth factor. This study provides a theoretical foundation and clinical support for the application of stem cell-based precision medicine in ACI. This letter shares our perspectives on the combined stem cell therapy for ACI.

Keywords: Mesenchymal stem cells; Neural stem cells; Acute cerebral infarction; Growth factors; Cell transplantation

Core Tip: We note a recently published randomized controlled trial investigating the efficacy and mechanisms of combined mesenchymal and neural stem cell therapy for acute cerebral infarction. The study systematically validated, at the clinical level, the therapy’s role in promoting neurological recovery through the regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor and basic fibroblast growth factor, while demonstrating a favorable safety profile. In this letter, we share our perspectives.