Risk of incident pancreatitis in patients with celiac disease: A population-based matched retrospective cohort study

Table 1 Baseline characteristics of patients with celiac disease and without celiac disease before and after propensity score matching, n (%)

Variables	Before propensity matching			After propensity matching
	CD (n = 160228)	Non-CD (n = 250725)	SMD	CD (n = 137685)	Non-CD (n = 137685)	SMD
Age, mean ± SD	39.1 ± 22	47.2 ± 18.9	0.3959	42.9 ± 21.1	43.8 ± 20.2	0.0462
Age by categories
< 18 years	33862 (21.1)	18691 (7.5)	0.3985	18650 (13.5)	15394 (11.2)	0.0300
18 years to < 40 years	49079 (30.6)	18691 (7.5)	0.0825	42014 (30.5)	43884 (31.9)	< 0.0001
40 years to < 60 years	43112 (26.9)	67446 (26.9)	0.2202	42978 (31.2)	43884 (31.9)	0.0142
≥ 60 years	34175 (21.3)	93062 (37.1)	0.1670	34043 (24.7)	34523 (25.1)	0.0081
Gender
Female	113373 (70.8)	182852 (72.9)	0.0483	99033 (71.9)	100461 (72.9)	0.0223
Ethnicity
Hispanic or Latino	7885 (4.9)	22051 (8.8)	0.0602	7463 (5.4)	6616 (4.8)	0.0279
Race
White	131627 (82.2)	169727 (67.7)	0.3382	110190 (80.0)	110461 (80.2)	0.0049
Black or African American	6385 (4.0)	41009 (16.4)	0.4181	6385 (4.6)	6306 (4.6)	0.0027
Asian	1795 (1.1)	5213 (2.1)	0.0765	1743 (1.3)	1633 (1.2)	0.0073
Others	19865 (12.4)	33341 (13.3)	0.0765	18860 (13.7)	18805 (13.7)	0.0012
BMI (kg/m2), mean ± SD	25.8 ± 7.4	28.8 ± 7.3	0.4132	26.6 ± 7.2	28 ± 7.4	0.1974
Nicotine dependence	9288 (5.8)	27951 (11.1)	0.1931	9118 (6.6)	8873 (6.4)	0.0072
Alcohol related disorders	2801 (1.7)	8911 (3.6)	0.1126	2777 (2.0)	2672 (1.9)	0.0055
Comorbidities
Hyperlipidemia	16210 (10.1)	50025 (20.0)	0.2778	16152 (11.7)	16568 (12.0)	0.0093
Type 2 diabetes mellitus	13489 (8.4)	32412 (12.9)	0.1464	11912 (8.7)	12108 (8.8)	0.0015
Hypercholesterolemia	7367 (4.6)	18577 (7.4)	0.1186	7139 (5.2)	7394 (5.4)	0.0083
Hypertriglyceridemia	1397 (0.9)	3712 (1.5)	0.0565	1348 (1.0)	1488 (1.1)	0.0101
Hypercalcemia	1072 (0.7)	3313 (1.3)	0.0658	1046 (0.8)	1087 (0.8)	0.0034
Autoimmune diseases
Type 1 diabetes mellitus	6694 (4.2)	6943 (2.8)	0.0770	4590 (3.3)	2862 (2.1)	0.0774
Rheumatoid arthritis	2569 (1.6)	17670 (7.0)	0.2701	2565 (1.9)	2530 (1.8)	0.0019
Gallbladder diseases
Cholecystitis	1312 (0.8)	2525 (1.0)	0.0198	1181 (0.9)	1150 (0.8)	0.0025
Cholelithiasis	3241 (2.0)	8548 (3.4)	0.0854	3138 (2.3)	3048 (2.2)	0.0044
Other diseases of the gallbladder	1598 (1.0)	3271 (1.3)	0.0284	1483 (1.1)	1423 (1.0)	0.0043
Other diseases of the biliary tract	1520 (0.9)	3121 (1.2)	0.0284	1426 (1.0)	1374 (1.0)	0.0038
Family history
Familial hypercholesterolemia	100 (0.1)	295 (0.12)	0.0044	100 (0.1)	68 (0.0)	0.0094
Procedure
ERCP	407 (0.3)	896 (0.4)	0.0256	393 (0.3)	344 (0.3)	0.0013

CD: Celiac disease; BMI: Body mass index; ERCP: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography; SMD: Standardized mean difference.