Hematological picture of pediatric Sudanese patients with visceral leishmaniasis and prediction of leishmania donovani parasite load

Table 1 Background characteristics and peripheral hematological findings in visceral leishmaniasis pediatric patients

Characteristic	Subcategory	Count	%
Background characteristics
Age group	Birth to 1 year	11	10.3
	1 to 5 years	48	44.9
	5 to 10 years	23	21.5
	10 to 18 years	25	23.4
Sex	Male	76	71.0
	Female	31	29.0
Area of the disease acquisition	Traveling to an endemic area	17	15.9
	Residence in endemic area	90	84.1
Peripheral hematological parameter
Peripheral hematological changes hemoglobin	Less than 5 mg/dL	30	28.0
	5 to 10 mg/dL	68	63.6
	More than 10 mg/dL	9	8.4
Peripheral hematological changes platelet	Less than 50 × 103/µL	42	39.3
	50 to 100 × 103/µL	57	53.3
	100 to 150 × 103/µL	7	6.5
	More than 150 × 103/µL	1	0.9
Peripheral hematological changes white blood cells	Less than 2 × 103/µL	26	24.3
	2 to 4 × 103/µL	64	59.8
	4 to 10 × 103/µL	15	14.0
	More than 10 × 103/µL	2	1.9

Table 2 Trephine biopsy and bone marrow changes in visceral leishmaniasis pediatric patients

Findings	Subcategory	Count	%
Trephine biopsy findings
Trephine biopsy cellularity	Hypoplasia	15	14.0
	Normoplasia	61	57.0
	Hyperplasia	31	29.0
Trephine biopsy fibrosis	No	100	93.5
	Yes	7	6.5
Trephine histiocytosis	No	8	7.5
	Yes	99	92.5
Trephine granuloma	No	96	89.7
	Yes	11	10.3
Trephine parasite load	Mild	33	30.8
	Moderate	42	39.3
	Severe	32	29.9
Bone marrow findings
Bone marrow cellularity	Hypocellular	14	13.1
	Normocellular	50	46.7
	Hypercellular	43	40.2
Megakaryopoiesis	Adequate	15	14.2
	Decreased	42	39.6
	Active	49	46.2
Bone marrow dysplastic changes	No	12	11.2
	Yes	95	88.8
Bone marrow megaloblastic changes	No	16	15.0
	Yes	91	85.0
Bone marrow granulopoiesis	Orderly maturation	6	5.6
	Arrest maturation	73	68.2
	Hyperactive	28	26.2
Bone marrow eosinophilic precursors	Depressed	46	43.0
	Prominent	61	57.0
Bone marrow hemophagocytosis	No	4	3.7
	Yes	103	96.3
Bone marrow chronic inflammatory cells	Depressed	19	17.8
	Increased	88	82.2