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Copyright ©The Author(s) 2023.
World J Clin Cases. Mar 16, 2023; 11(8): 1694-1701
Published online Mar 16, 2023. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v11.i8.1694
Table 1 Risk factors for anastomotic leakage

Preoperative
Tumor related
Intraoperative
Non- modifiableMale sexDistal tumor siteExcessive blood loss
ASA score > IITumor size > 3 cmNeed for transfusion
Chronic renal diseaseAdvanced stage diseaseDuration > 4 hours
History of radiotherapyNon-elective surgery
Metastatic disease
ModifiableSmoking
Obesity
Poor nutrition
Alcohol abuse
Immunosuppressant use