Clinical evaluation of ventilation mode on acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease with respiratory failure

Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the enrolled patients

Characteristic	VCV group (n = 200)	PCV group (n = 200)	P value
Age (mean ± SD, years)	67.6 ± 10.3	68.4 ± 11.1	0.60
Sex (male, %)	58	60	0.81
Body mass index (mean ± SD, kg/m2)	25.3 ± 3.6	24.8 ± 3.4	0.23
Hypertension (%)	38	42	0.62
Diabetes mellitus (%)	28	32	0.57
Coronary artery disease (%)	22	19	0.68
Smoking history (%)	76	78	0.85
APACHE II score (mean ± SD)	18.4 ± 5.8	17.9 ± 6.3	0.53
MMRC dyspnea scale [median (IQR)]	3 (2-4)	3 (2-4)	0.78

PCV: Pressure-controlled ventilation; VCV: Volume-controlled ventilation; APACHE II: Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II; MMRC: Modified Medical Research Council.

Table 2 Respiratory parameters in each group

Parameter	VCV group (initial/final)	PCV group (initial/final)	P value
Respiratory rate	22/16	24/16	< 0.05
Tidal volume	500/480	520/470	< 0.05
pH	7.35/7.45	7.30/7.43	< 0.05
PaO2	75/85	80/85	< 0.05
PaCO2	45/38	47/39	< 0.05
PaO2/FiO2 ratio	300/350	315/345	> 0.05

PCV: Pressure-controlled ventilation; VCV: Volume-controlled ventilation.

Table 3 Clinical outcomes in each group

Outcome	VCV group (n = 200)	PCV group (n = 200)	P value
In-hospital mortality (%)	32	28	0.53
ICU length of stay [median (IQR), days]	9 (6-14)	8 (5-13)	0.41
Duration of mechanical ventilation [median (IQR), days]	6 (4-10)	5 (3-9)	0.47
Lower Peak Airway Pressures	N/A	N/A	< 0.05
Barotrauma (%)	16	6	0.03

ICU: Intensive care unit; PCV: Pressure-controlled ventilation; VCV: Volume-controlled ventilation; N/A: Not applicable.

Table 4 Complications and additional interventions

Complication	VCV group (n = 200)	PCV group (n = 200)	P value
Ventilator-associated pneumonia (%)	29	27	0.85
Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (%)	16	14	0.75
Cardiovascular complications (%)	22	12	0.05
Rescue therapies (%)	N/A	N/A	> 0.05

PCV: Pressure-controlled ventilation; VCV: Volume-controlled ventilation; N/A: Not applicable.