Copyright
©The Author(s) 2026. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Clin Cases. Feb 16, 2026; 14(5): 115814
Published online Feb 16, 2026. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v14.i5.115814
Published online Feb 16, 2026. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v14.i5.115814
Human leukocyte antigen variants and clinical features of primary biliary cholangitis: Cumulative contributions
Abdellatif Bouayad, Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Oujda, Mohammed First University, Oujda 60049, Morocco
Author contributions: Bouayad A wrote and designed the manuscript.
Conflict-of-interest statement: All the authors report no relevant conflicts of interest for this article.
Open Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Abdellatif Bouayad, MD, Associate Professor, Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Oujda, Mohammed First University, 4867 Oujda l’Université, Oujda 60049, Morocco. a.bouayad@ump.ac.ma
Received: October 27, 2025
Revised: January 15, 2026
Accepted: February 4, 2026
Published online: February 16, 2026
Processing time: 107 Days and 13.9 Hours
Revised: January 15, 2026
Accepted: February 4, 2026
Published online: February 16, 2026
Processing time: 107 Days and 13.9 Hours
Core Tip
Core Tip: Specific classical human leukocyte antigen (HLA) alleles and haplotypes may influence predisposition to primary biliary cholangitis (PBC), prognosis, and the development of PBC-autoimmune hepatitis overlap syndrome. Potential cumulative contributions between the non-classical HLA-G*01:01:01:08-UTR-1 haplotype and its soluble HLA-G molecules may predict a poor therapeutic response to ursodeoxycholic acid. Thus, soluble HLA-G molecules may serve as novel, non-invasive biomarkers to guide personalized PBC treatment.