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©The Author(s) 2025. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Clin Cases. Nov 6, 2025; 13(31): 112505
Published online Nov 6, 2025. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v13.i31.112505
Published online Nov 6, 2025. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v13.i31.112505
Endogenous modulators in lung cancer
Namra Patel, Department of Medicine, GMERS College and Hospital, Valsad 396001, Gujarāt, India
Viral Patel, Department of Internal Medicine, Baptist Hospital of Southeast Texas, Beaumont, TX 77701, United States
Salim Surani, Department of Medicine and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, United States
Author contributions: Surani S designed the overall concept and outline of the manuscript and contributed to editing it; Patel N and Patel V contributed to the discussion and design of the manuscript, as well as to writing and editing it.
Conflict-of-interest statement: None of the authors has any conflict of interest to declare.
Open Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Salim Surani, Department of Medicine and Pharmacology, Texas A&M University, 40 Bizzell Street, College Station, TX 77843, United States. srsurani@hotmail.com
Received: July 29, 2025
Revised: August 7, 2025
Accepted: September 9, 2025
Published online: November 6, 2025
Processing time: 93 Days and 15.3 Hours
Revised: August 7, 2025
Accepted: September 9, 2025
Published online: November 6, 2025
Processing time: 93 Days and 15.3 Hours
Core Tip
Core Tip: Endogenous mediators—nitric oxide, prostaglandin E2, thromboxane A2, and endothelins—induce lung tumor angiogenesis, immune escape, and metastasis through crosstalk signaling loops; targeting their individual receptors and employing eicosanoid biomarker profiles for patient stratification could enable more effective, patient-specific anti-inflammatory therapies in lung cancer.