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©The Author(s) 2025. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Clin Cases. Nov 6, 2025; 13(31): 109712
Published online Nov 6, 2025. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v13.i31.109712
Published online Nov 6, 2025. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v13.i31.109712
Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction in the modern era: A patient-centered approach
Luca Galassi, Postgraduate School of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, University of Milan, Milan 20122, Lombardy, Italy
Giuseppe Diodato Santoro, Marianna Cugliari, Postgraduate School of Orthopaedics and Traumatology Surgery, University of Milan, Milan 20122, Lombardy, Italy
Daniele Schena, Orthopaedics and Traumatology Unit, ASST Bergamo Est, P.O. Pesenti Fenaroli, Alzano Lombardo 24022, Lombardy, Italy
Co-first authors: Luca Galassi and Giuseppe Diodato Santoro.
Author contributions: Galassi L and Santoro GD contributed to conceptualization; methodology, validation; Galassi L, Cugliari M, and Santoro G contributed to writing—original draft preparation; Galassi L, Santoro GD, Cugliari M, and Schena D contributed to writing—review and editing; all authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.
Conflict-of-interest statement: All the authors report no relevant conflicts of interest for this article.
Open Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Luca Galassi, Lecturer, MD, Researcher, Postgraduate School of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, University of Milan, Festa del Perdono Street, Milan 20122, Lombardy, Italy. luca.galassi@unimi.it
Received: May 19, 2025
Revised: June 9, 2025
Accepted: September 2, 2025
Published online: November 6, 2025
Processing time: 164 Days and 10.6 Hours
Revised: June 9, 2025
Accepted: September 2, 2025
Published online: November 6, 2025
Processing time: 164 Days and 10.6 Hours
Core Tip
Core Tip: Optimal outcomes in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction depend on more than technical precision, they require a personalized approach accounting for patient-specific anatomy, sport demands, comorbidities, and psychological readiness. This review offers a comprehensive synthesis of current best practices across graft choice, surgical technique, rehabilitation, and postoperative monitoring to guide individualized clinical decision-making.