Published online Sep 6, 2024. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v12.i25.5681
Revised: May 25, 2024
Accepted: July 1, 2024
Published online: September 6, 2024
Processing time: 130 Days and 21.1 Hours
Sepsis, which is characterized by acute systemic inflammation and is associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality, presents a significant challenge in health care. Some scholars have found that the sequential organ failure assess
To assess cytokine levels in the plasma of sepsis patients and identify potential biomarkers for diagnosing sepsis.
Ten sepsis patients admitted to the emergency department within 24 h of onset were enrolled as the observation group, whereas ten noninfected patients served as the control group. Of the 10 noninfected patients, 9 hypertension combined with cerebral infarction, 1 patients with vertiginous syndrome. Plasma Cytokines were measured using the Bio-Plex Pro™ Human Chemokine Panel 40-plex. Differentially expressed cytokines in plasma of sepsis and nonsepsis patients were analyzed using Gene Ontology (GO) functional enrichment and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses.
Interleukin (IL)-16, granulocyte-macrophage granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), CX3CL1, CXCL9, CXCL16, CCL25, and CCL23 plasma levels were significantly increased in sepsis patients. GO analysis revealed that these cytokines were mainly associated with cellular structures such as intermediates, nuclear plaques, adhesion plaques, lateral plasma membranes, and cell matrix junctions. These genes were involved in various molecular functions, such as cytokine activity, receptor ligand activity, and signal receptor activator activity, contributing to various biological functions, such as leukocyte chemotaxis, migration, and chemotaxis. KEGG analysis indicated involvement in cytokine cytokine receptor interactions, chemokine signaling pathways, virus–protein interactions with cytokines and cytokine receptors, and the tumor necrosis factor signaling pathway.
Elevated serum levels of IL-16, GM-CSF, CX3CL1, CXCL9, CXCL16, CCL25, and CCL23 in sepsis patients suggest their potential as diagnostic biomarkers for sepsis.
Core Tip: Clinically, sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) or quick SOFA (qSOFA) scores are often used to identify and diagnose sepsis. However, some scholars have found that qSOFA scores are not good at predicting severe sepsis and mortality. Therefore, it is necessary to explore a new diagnostic method for sepsis. In this study, changes in plasma cytokine levels in patients with sepsis were assessed. We found that the serum levels of the cytokines interleukin16, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, CX3CL1, CXCL9, CXCL16, CCL25 and CCL23 were significantly increased in patients with sepsis, representing potential diagnostic biomarkers of sepsis.