Case Report
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2023. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Clin Cases. Mar 6, 2023; 11(7): 1506-1512
Published online Mar 6, 2023. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v11.i7.1506
Accessory renal arteries - a source of hypertension: A case report
Amalia Calinoiu, Elena-Cristina Guluta, Adina Rusu, Alexandra Minca, Dragos Minca, Luminita Tomescu, Valeriu Gheorghita, Dana Galieta Minca, Lucian Negreanu
Amalia Calinoiu, Adina Rusu, Department of Internal Medicine, Prof. Dr. Agrippa Ionescu Emergency Clinical Hospital, Bucuresti 011356, București, Romania
Elena-Cristina Guluta, Department of Gastroenterology, Bucharest University Emergency Hospital, Bucharest 050098, Romania
Alexandra Minca, Department of Internal Medicine Clinic, Bucharest University Emergency Hospital, Bucharest 050098, Romania
Dragos Minca, Department of Rheumatology Clinic, Center of Rheumatic Disease "Dr. Ion Stoia", Bucharest 030167, Romania
Luminita Tomescu, Department of Radiology Clinic, Prof. Dr. Agrippa Ionescu Clinical Emergency Hospital, Bucharest 011356, Romania
Valeriu Gheorghita, Department of Infectious Disease Clinic, Prof Dr. Agrippa Ionescu Clinical Emergency Hospital, Bucharest 011356, Romania
Dana Galieta Minca, Department of Public Health and Management, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest 020021, Romania
Lucian Negreanu, Department of Gastroenterology, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest 020021, Romania
Author contributions: Rusu A and Minca D designed and performed the research; Guluta EC and Minca A analyzed the data and wrote the paper; Calinoiu A and Gheorghita V cared for the patient, designed and analyzed the research, and helped with writing the paper; Minca DG and Negreanu L participated in revising the manuscript; Tomescu L performed imaging studies; all authors have read and approved the final manuscript.
Informed consent statement: Informed written consent was obtained from the patient for publication of this report and any accompanying images.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest to disclose.
CARE Checklist (2016) statement: The authors have read the CARE Checklist (2016), and the manuscript was prepared and revised according to the CARE Checklist (2016).
Open-Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Adina Rusu, PhD, Doctor, Department of Internal Medicine Clinical, Prof. Dr. Agrippa Ionescu Emergency Clinical Hospital, IC Brătianu, Balotesti, București 011356, București, Romania. dr.adinarusu@gmail.com
Received: September 13, 2022
Peer-review started: September 13, 2022
First decision: October 28, 2022
Revised: November 11, 2022
Accepted: February 7, 2023
Article in press: February 7, 2023
Published online: March 6, 2023
Processing time: 170 Days and 3.8 Hours
Abstract
BACKGROUND

Secondary hypertension is a relatively rare condition most commonly caused by renovascular disease due to atherosclerotic vascular disease or fibromuscular dysplasia. Although accessory renal arteries are frequent, to date, only six cases of secondary hypertension determined by their existence have been reported.

CASE SUMMARY

We describe a case of a 39-year-old female who came to the emergency department with an urgent hypertensive crisis and hypertensive encephalopathy. Despite normal renal arteries, the computed tomography angiography revealed an inferior polar artery with 50% stenosis of its diameter. Conservative treatment with amlodipine, indapamide and perindopril was adopted, leading to blood pressure control within one month.

CONCLUSION

To the best of our knowledge, there are controversies regarding accessory renal arteries as a potential etiology for secondary hypertension, but the seven similar cases already described, along with the current case, could reinforce the necessity of more studies concerning this subject.

Keywords: Accessory artery; Secondary hypertension; Renal artery stenosis; Renovascular disease; Risk factor; Young patients; Case report

Core Tip: Unfortunately, nowadays, there are still a lot of young patients with hypertension that receive medical treatment, without any further research of secondary causes of hypertension. Also, secondary hypertension caused by the presence of accessory renal arteries is a controversial subject in the medical literature because there are studies confirming this association and studies that have found no association.