Published online Sep 16, 2013. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v1.i6.191
Revised: July 30, 2013
Accepted: August 5, 2013
Published online: September 16, 2013
Processing time: 91 Days and 9 Hours
Pouchitis is not a rare complication that develops after an ileal-pouch anastomosis, performed after colectomy in patients refractory to treatment or with complicated ulcerative colitis. This condition may become chronic and unresponsive to medical therapies, including corticosteroids, antibiotics and probiotics. The advent of biological therapies (tumor necrosis factor-α inhibitors) has changed the course of these complications. In particular, in these cases, infliximab (IFX) may represent a safe and effective therapy in order to avoid the subsequent operation for a permanent ileostomy. This article reviews the therapeutic effects of one of the most widely used anti-tumor necrosis factor-α molecules, IFX, for the treatment of complicated pouchitis (refractory to conventional treatment and/or fistulizing).
Core tip: Pouchitis represents the most frequent long term complication of the ileal pouch anal anastomosis and consists of an idiopathic nonspecific inflammation of the ileal mucosa of the pouch. Several studies show the effectiveness of treatment with anti-tumor necrosis factor-α in chronic forms in reducing the synthesis of pro-inflammatory molecules and in restoring the balance between pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines.