Network perspective on rumination and non-suicidal self-injury among adolescents with depressive disorders

Table 1 Demographic characteristics of adolescent patients with depression

Variable	Category	n (%)
Gender	Male	89 (29.18)
	Female	216 (70.82)
Only child	Yes	92 (30.16)
	No	213 (69.84)
Academic performance	Poor	63 (20.66)
	Average	178 (58.36)
	Good	64 (20.98)
Grade	7th grade (middle school year 1)	23 (7.54)
	8th grade (middle school year 2)	42 (13.77)
	9th grade (middle school year 3)	49 (16.07)
	10th grade (middle school year 1)	50 (16.39)
	11th grade (high school year 2)	60 (19.67)
	12th grade (high school year 3)	48 (16.74)
	Dropped out	13 (4.26)
	On leave	20 (6.56)
Left-behind children	Yes	20 (6.60)
	No	285 (93.44)

Table 2 Scores of rumination subtypes and individual items of non-suicidal self-injury

Variables	mean ± SD
Rumination
R1: Symptom-focused rumination	2.92 ± 0.63
R2: Brooding	2.56 ± 0.69
R3: Reflective pondering	2.97 ± 0.69
NSSI
NSSI1: Deliberately pinching oneself	1.64 ± 1.40
NSSI2: Deliberately scratching oneself	1.48 ± 1.39
NSSI3: Intentionally banging one’s head against objects	1.36 ± 1.33
NSSI4: Intentionally punching walls, tables, windows or the ground	1.46 ± 1.39
NSSI5: Striking oneself with fists, slaps or hard objects	1.46 ± 1.39
NSSI6: Deliberately biting oneself	1.32 ± 1.44
NSSI7: Pulling out one’s own hair intentionally	1.00 ± 1.35
NSSI8: Stabbing or piercing oneself deliberately	1.33 ± 1.48
NSSI9: Deliberately cutting oneself	1.85 ± 1.60
NSSI10: Burning or scalding oneself intentionally	0.38 ± 0.93
NSSI11: Rubbing the skin with objects to cause bleeding or bruising	0.90 ± 1.28
NSSI12: Carving words or symbols into the skin	0.60 ± 1.12

NSSI: Non-suicidal self-injury.