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©The Author(s) 2025. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Psychiatry. Dec 19, 2025; 15(12): 111663
Published online Dec 19, 2025. doi: 10.5498/wjp.v15.i12.111663
Published online Dec 19, 2025. doi: 10.5498/wjp.v15.i12.111663
Prospective study on the impact of parental anxiety on academic performance in children with attention deficit
Yan Jin, Ping Zhou, Department of Child Healthcare, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430070, Hubei Province, China
Yun-Shi Xiao, Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Genegrow Pediatric Clinic, Shanghai 200233, China
Co-first authors: Yan Jin and Yun-Shi Xiao.
Author contributions: Jin Y was responsible for the overall research design, participant recruitment, data analysis, and manuscript writing; Zhou P provided guidance on the overall direction of the study and contributed to data interpretation and manuscript revision; Xiao YS collected data, coordinated follow-up assessments, and assisted with the statistical analysis and interpretation of results; Jin Y and Xiao YS implemented psychological and academic performance evaluations; Xiao YS, as a co-first author, has made equal contributions; all the authors have reviewed and approved the final manuscript.
Institutional review board statement: This study has been reviewed and approved by the Ethics Committee of Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province (approval No. 2018-045-07).
Clinical trial registration statement: This study is registered at the Clinical Registry: https://www.researchregistry.com (Researchregistry11504). Uploaded a separate file as the registration certificate.
Informed consent statement: All study participants, or their legal guardian, provided informed written consent prior to study enrollment.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests.
CONSORT 2010 statement: The authors have read the CONSORT 2010 Statement, and the manuscript was prepared and revised according to the CONSORT 2010 Statement.
Data sharing statement: No data available.
Open Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Ping Zhou, MD, Department of Child Healthcare, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province, No. 745 Wuluo Road, Hongshan District, Wuhan 430070, Hubei Province, China. qiu19277250365@163.com
Received: August 6, 2025
Revised: September 7, 2025
Accepted: September 18, 2025
Published online: December 19, 2025
Processing time: 113 Days and 1.4 Hours
Revised: September 7, 2025
Accepted: September 18, 2025
Published online: December 19, 2025
Processing time: 113 Days and 1.4 Hours
Core Tip
Core Tip: This 6-year prospective cohort study examined how parental anxiety affects academic performance in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Higher parental anxiety was significantly associated with lower academic achievement, particularly for mathematics and homework. These effects were mediated by poor parent-child interactions and ineffective homework supervision. Younger age, male sex, ADHD severity, and comorbid anxiety further intensified this impact. These findings highlight the importance of addressing parental mental health in the treatment of ADHD. Inter