Analysis of anxiety and depression symptoms in adolescents with facial burns

doi:10.5498/wjp.v15.i10.106679

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World Journal of Psychiatry

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2220-3206

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

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World J Psychiatry. Oct 19, 2025; 15(10): 106679
Published online Oct 19, 2025. doi: 10.5498/wjp.v15.i10.106679

Analysis of anxiety and depression symptoms in adolescents with facial burns

Zhen Yu, Han Zhang, Qian Zhang, Qi-Er Wu

Zhen Yu, Han Zhang, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Xi’an People’s Hospital (Xi’an Fourth Hospital), Xi’an 710004, Shaanxi Province, China

Qian Zhang, Department of Psychiatry, Baoji Central Hospital, Baoji 721000, Shaanxi Province, China

Qi-Er Wu, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Baoji Central Hospital, Baoji 721000, Shaanxi Province, China

Author contributions: Yu Z designed the research study; Yu Z, Zhang H, Zhang Q, and Wu QE performed the primary literature and data extraction; Zhang H, Zhang Q analyzed the data and wrote the manuscript; Wu QE was responsible for revising the manuscript for important intellectual content; and all authors read and approved the final version.

Institutional review board statement: This study was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of Baoji Central Hospital, approval No. BZYL2022-49.

Informed consent statement: All study participants or their legal guardian provided informed written consent about personal and medical data collection prior to study enrolment.

Conflict-of-interest statement: All the authors report no relevant conflicts of interest for this article.

Data sharing statement: Technical appendix, statistical code, and dataset available from the corresponding author at <wuqier77@163.com>. Participants gave informed consent for data sharing.

Corresponding author: Qi-Er Wu, PhD, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Baoji Central Hospital, No. 8 Jiangtan Road, Baoji 721000, Shaanxi Province, China. wuqier77@163.com

Received: May 16, 2025
Revised: June 17, 2025
Accepted: August 4, 2025
Published online: October 19, 2025
Processing time: 132 Days and 23.7 Hours

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Anxiety and depression are common psychological reactions in teenagers with facial burns and have a significant impact on their rehabilitation and quality of life.

AIM

To analyze anxiety and depressive symptoms in teenagers with facial burns.

METHODS

We selected 50 young patients with facial burns who were treated at our hospital between October 2023 and October 2024. The Hamilton Anxiety Scale and Beck Depression Inventory were used to evaluate anxiety and depressive symptoms. Additionally, we evaluated patients’ social support levels and self-esteem. Pearson’s correlation analysis was used to evaluate factors related to depression and anxiety.

RESULTS

The overall average Hamilton Anxiety Scale score was 23.4 ± 6.2, and 16 (32%) and 34 (68%) patients showed mild to moderate and moderate to severe anxiety, respectively. The overall average Beck Depression Inventory score was 18.7 ± 7.5, and 23 (46%) and 27 (54%) patients had mild to moderate and moderate to severe depression, respectively. Furthermore, Pearson’s correlation analysis showed a significant positive correlation between burn severity and anxiety (r = 0.48, P < 0.01) and depression (r = 0.42, P < 0.01) symptoms. Self-esteem scores and social support were significantly negatively correlated with anxiety (r = -0.55 and r = -0.40, respectively; P < 0.01) and depression (r = -0.60 and r = -0.38, respectively; P < 0.01 for both).

CONCLUSION

Adolescents with facial burns commonly experience anxiety and depressive symptoms, the severity of which is closely related to burn severity, social support, and self-esteem.

Keywords: Facial burns; Adolescents; Anxiety; Depression; Social support; Self-esteem

Core Tip: The aim of this study was to analyze the symptoms of anxiety and depression in adolescent facial burn patients and the factors affecting anxiety and depression to provide a reference for the psychological treatment of adolescent facial burns. Anxiety and depression are common psychological reactions in adolescents with facial burns. The severity of anxiety and depressive symptoms in adolescents with facial burns is strongly correlated with social support and self-esteem. These psychological problems have a significant impact on adolescent recovery and quality of life.