Platelet rich plasma applications in orthopedics: A review of recent advances

Table 1 Clinical applications of platelet-rich plasma in orthopedic conditions

Orthopedic condition	Type of PRP used	Level of evidence	Key findings	Ref.
Knee osteoarthritis	LR-PRP/LP-PRP	RCTs, meta-analyses	Significant pain and function improvement in early to moderate OA; superior to HA and corticosteroids in mid-term follow-up	[6,7,18]
Rotator cuff tears	LR-PRP	RCTs, cohort studies	Mixed results; some studies report reduced retear rate and improved healing post-repair	[8,9]
Lateral epicondylitis	LP-PRP	RCTs, systematic reviews	Faster and sustained pain relief compared to corticosteroids; functional gains observed	[10]
Achilles tendinopathy	LP-PRP	Systematic reviews	Limited clinical benefit; high variability in outcomes	[1,3]
Meniscal repair	LR-PRP	Cohort studies	Enhanced healing rates in arthroscopic repairs; evidence still low	[15,16]
ACL reconstruction	LR-PRP	RCTs	Accelerates graft maturation and tunnel healing; no significant long-term functional benefit	[17,19]

LR-PRP: Leukocyte-rich platelet-rich plasma; LP-PRP: Leukocyte-poor platelet-rich plasma; RCT: Randomized controlled trial; HA: Hyaluronic acid; ACL: Anterior cruciate ligament.