Mature cystic sacrococcygeal teratoma in adults: A single-center study

Table 1 Clinical parameters of mature cystic sacrococcygeal teratoma in adults, n (%)

Clinical parameters	Variable
Total number of patients	64 (100)
Sex; female	42 (65.6)
Age (year)	38 (22-68)
BMI (kg/m2), median (range)	23.65 (16.8-31.5)
Hypertension	12 (18.8)
Diabetes	14 (21.9)
History of abdominal surgery	8 (12.5)
Maximum tumor diameter (cm), median (range)	10.85 (3.3-23.5)
Altman’ classification
I-II	41 (64.1)
III/IV	23 (35.9)
Pathology
Mature	64 (100)
Surgical approach
Type A	13 (20.3)
Type B	22 (34.4)
Type C	29 (45.3)
Sacrococcygeal resection	43 (67.2)
Intraoperative blood loss (mL)
≥ 400 mL	7 (10.9)
Sacrococcygeal incision necrosis	15 (23.4)
Intestinal fistula	5 (7.8)
Anorectal dysfunction	16 (25.0)
Urinary dysfunction	13 (20.3)
Lower limb motor dysfuction	9 (14.1)
Reccurence of tumor
Benign	15 (23.4)
Malignancy	1 (1.6)

Type A: Laparoscopic-assisted anterior approach; Type B: Posterior approach; Type C: Combined laparoscopic-posterior approach; BMI: Body mass index.

Table 2 Time interval in patients with recurrence

Patients with recurrence	Recurrence period (months)
1	36
2	66
3	28.8
4	37.2
5	18
6	10.8
7	62.4
8	43.2
9	91.2
10	15.6
11	31.2
12	21.6
13	13.2
14	25.2
15	30
16	8.4

The longest time interval of recurrence was 91.2 months and the shortest was 8.4 months.

Table 3 Clinical outcome analysis of three surgical approaches

Variables	Type A (n = 13)	Type B (n = 22)	Type C (n = 29)	P value
Intraoperative blood loss ≥ 400 mL	2	2	3	0.767
Sacrococcygeal incision necrosis	-	8	7	0.371
Intestinal fistula	2	0	3	0.165
Anorectal dysfunction	4	4	8	0.655
Urinary dysfunction	5	3	5	0.218
Lower limb motor dysfuction	3	1	5	0.240
Reccurence of tumor	6	3	7	0.108

Type A: Laparoscopic-assisted anterior approach; Type B: Posterior approach; Type C: Combined laparoscopic-posterior approach.

Table 4 Logistic regression analysis of anorectal dysfunction

Variables		Univariable		Multivariable
		OR (95%CI)	P value	OR (95%CI)	P value
Sex; female	Yes	1.800 (0.504-6.432)	0.366
Age ≥ 40 (year)	Yes	0.600 (0.188-1.913)	0.388
BMI ≥ 25 (kg/m2)	Yes	0.916 (0.285-2.938)	0.882
Hypertension	Yes	1.000 (0.235-4.261)	1.000
Diabetes mellitus	Yes	0.897 (0.245-3.288)	0.870
History of abdominal surgery	Yes	1.000 (0.181-5.533)	1.000
Maximum tumor diameter ≥ 10 (cm)	Yes	3.545 (1.000-12.575)	0.050a	8.068 (1.648-39.491)	0.010a
Altman’ classification	III/IV vs I-II	4.487 (1.357-14.834)	0.014a	9.484 (2.103-42.774)	0.033a
Surgical approach	Type A	1
	Type B	0.500 (0.101-2.477)	0.396
	Type C	0.857 (0.205-3.589)	0.833
Sacrococcygeal resection	Yes	0.529 (0.165-1.701)	0.286
Intraoperative blood loss ≥ 400 (mL)	Yes	5.000 (0.983-25.437)	0.052

^aP < 0.05.

Type A: Laparoscopic-assisted anterior approach; Type B: Posterior approach; Type C: Combined laparoscopic-posterior approach; BMI: Body mass index.

Table 5 Logistic regression analysis of urinary dysfunction

Variables		Univariable		Multivariable
		OR (95%CI)	P value	OR (95%CI)	P value
Sex; female	Yes	0.800 (0.227-2.820	0.728
Age ≥ 40 (year)	Yes	0.964 (0.284-3.270)	0.953
BMI ≥ 25 (kg/m2)	Yes	0.221 (0.044-1.101)	0.065
Hypertension	Yes	0.303 (0.035-2.592)	0.276
Diabetes mellitus	Yes	2.301 (0.558-7.388)	0.282
History of abdominal surgery	Yes	1.364 (0.242-7.698)	0.725
Maximum tumor diameter ≥ 10 (cm)	Yes	3.750 (0.922-15.245)	0.065a	9.622 (1.694-54.663)	0.011a
Altman’ classification	III/IV vs I-II	5.946 (1.575-22.454)	0.009a	13.264 (2.581-68.168)	0.002a
Surgical approach	Type A	1.000
	Type B	0.253 (0.048-1.319)	0.103
	Type C	0.333 (0.076-1.458)	0.144
Sacrococcygeal resection	Yes	0.731 (0.207-2.590)	0.628
Intraoperative blood loss ≥ 400 (mL)	Yes	1.673 (0.286-9.789)	0.568

^aP < 0.05.

Type A: Laparoscopic-assisted anterior approach; Type B: Posterior approach; Type C: Combined laparoscopic-posterior approach; BMI: Body mass index.

Table 6 Logistic regression analysis of lower extremity motor dysfunction

Variables		Univariable		Multivariable
		OR (95%CI)	P value	OR (95%CI)	P value
Sex; female	Yes	2.000 (0.378-10.569)	0.414
Age ≥ 40 (year)	Yes	0.519 (0.118-2.285)	0.385
BMI ≥ 25 (kg/m2)	Yes	0.398 (0.076-2.091)	0.276
Hypertension	Yes	0.500 (0.056-4.429)	0.533
Diabetes mellitus	Yes	0.305 (0.035-2.639)	0.281
History of abdominal surgery	Yes	0.857 (0.093-7.931)	0.892
Maximum tumor diameter ≥ 10 (cm)	Yes	1.929 (0.438-8.500)	0.385
Altman’ classification	III/IV vs I-II	8.531 (1.597-45.580)	0.012a	16.792 (1.847-152.666)	0.012a
Surgical approach	Type A	1.000
	Type B	0.159 (0.015-1.724)	0.130
	Type C	0.694 (0.139-3.475)	0.657
Sacrococcygeal resection	Yes	0.559 (0.133-2.346)	0.427
Intraoperative blood loss ≥ 400 (mL)	Yes	6.375 (1.142-35.581)	0.035a	17.366 (1.490-202.372)	0.023a

^aP < 0.05.

Type A: Laparoscopic-assisted anterior approach; Type B: Posterior approach; Type C: Combined laparoscopic-posterior approach; BMI: Body mass index.

Table 7 Logistic regression analysis of tumor recurrence

Variables		Univariable		Multivariable
		OR (95%CI)	P value	OR (95%CI)	P value
Sex; female	Yes	1.206 (0.359-4.051)	0.761
Age ≥ 40 (year)	Yes	1.653 (0.528-5.171)	0.388
BMI ≥ 25 (kg/m2)	Yes	1.296 (0.411-4.084)	0.658
Hypertension	Yes	0.543 (0.106-2.791)	0.465
Diabetes mellitus	Yes	2.018 (0.599-6.805)	0.258
History of abdominal surgery	Yes	1.000 (0.181-5.533)	1.000
Maximum tumor diameter ≥ 10 (cm)	Yes	1.183 (0.379-3.693)	0.773
Altman’ classification	III/IV vs I-II	2.200 (0.693-6.979)	0.181
Surgical approach	Type A	1.000
	Type B	0.184 (0.036-0.944)	0.043a
	Type C	0.371 (0.093-1.480)	0.160
Sacrococcygeal resection	Yes	0.120 (0.034-0.424)	0.001a	0.084 (0.015-0.475)	0.005a
Intraoperative blood loss ≥ 400 (mL)	Yes	1.229 (0.214-7.050)	0.817

^aP < 0.05.

Type A: Laparoscopic-assisted anterior approach; Type B: Posterior approach; Type C: Combined laparoscopic-posterior approach; BMI: Body mass index.