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World Journal of Clinical Oncology
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2218-4333
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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

Case Control Study
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2025.
World J Clin Oncol. Dec 24, 2025; 16(12): 111544
Published online Dec 24, 2025. doi: 10.5306/wjco.v16.i12.111544
Table 1 Comparison of general characteristics of the subjects, n (%)
Characteristic
Case group (n = 360)
Control group (n = 550)
P value
Age (years) (mean ± SD)52.6 ± 11.351.8 ± 10.90.312
Gender0.726
Male256 (71.1)385 (70.0)
Female104 (28.9)165 (30.0)
Smoking history0.583
Yes168 (46.7)246 (44.7)
No192 (53.3)304 (55.3)
Drinking history0.671
Yes132 (36.7)210 (38.2)
No228 (63.3)340 (61.8)
25-hydroxyvitamin D (nmol/L) (mean ± SD)46.8 ± 18.562.3 ± 20.7< 0.001
Hypertension72 (20.0)116 (21.1)0.698
Diabetes36 (10.0)61 (11.1)0.612
Hemoglobin (g/L) (mean ± SD)132.5 ± 15.7134.2 ± 14.90.128
White blood cell count (× 109/L) (mean ± SD)6.8 ± 2.16.6 ± 1.90.156
Platelet count (× 109/L) (mean ± SD)235.6 ± 58.4241.3 ± 55.70.142
Albumin (g/L) (mean ± SD)42.3 ± 4.543.1 ± 4.20.008
Total cholesterol (mmol/L) (mean ± SD)4.8 ± 1.04.9 ± 0.90.113
Pathological type
Squamous cell carcinoma276 (76.7)
Undifferentiated carcinoma72 (20.0)
Other12 (3.3)
TNM stage
Stage I24 (6.7)
Stage II84 (23.3)
Stage III168 (46.7)
Stage IV84 (23.3)
T stage
T136 (10.0)
T2108 (30.0)
T3144 (40.0)
T472 (20.0)
N-stage
N048 (13.3)
N1132 (36.7)
N2132 (36.7)
N348 (13.3)
M-stage
M0324 (90.0)
M136 (10.0)
Tumor volume (cm3) (mean ± SD)28.5 ± 15.7
M-stage: Distant metastasis; N-stage: Regional lymph node involvement; T stage: Tumor size/extent.
Full Size Table
Table 2 Association between group-specific component and 25-hydroxylase gene polymorphisms and nasopharyngeal carcinoma risk, n (%)
Single nucleotide polymorphism
Types of inheritance
Genotype
Case group
Control group
Odds ratio (95%CI)
P value
GC rs4588CodominantGG156 (43.3)272 (49.5)1.00 (reference)
GT152 (42.2)230 (41.8)1.15 (0.87-1.53)0.325
TT52 (14.5)48 (8.7)1.68 (1.15-2.45)0.007
Dominant (TT + GT vs GG)TT + GT204 (56.7)278 (50.5)1.28 (0.98-1.67)0.071
GG156 (43.3)272 (49.5)1.00 (reference)
Recessive (TT vs GT + GG)TT52 (14.5)48 (8.7)1.56 (1.02-2.38)0.039
GT + GG308 (85.5)502 (91.3)1.00 (reference)
GC rs7041CodominantCC132 (36.7)214 (38.9)1.00 (reference)
CA168 (46.7)258 (46.9)1.06 (0.79-1.41)0.713
AA60 (16.6)78 (14.2)1.24 (0.83-1.85)0.287
Dominant (AA + CA vs CC)AA + CA228 (63.3)336 (61.1)1.10 (0.84-1.44)0.498
CC132 (36.7)214 (38.9)1.00 (reference)
Recessive (AA vs CA + CC)AA60 (16.6)78 (14.2)1.21 (0.84-1.74)0.309
CA + CC300 (83.4)472 (85.8)1.00 (reference)
CYP2R1 rs10741657CodominantGG168 (46.7)242 (44.0)1.00 (reference)
GA148 (41.1)246 (44.7)0.87 (0.66-1.15)0.326
AA44 (12.2)62 (11.3)1.02 (0.66-1.58)0.924
Dominant (AA + GA vs GG)AA + GA192 (53.3)308 (56.0)0.90 (0.69-1.17)0.423
GG168 (46.7)242 (44.0)1.00 (reference)
Recessive (AA vs GA + GG)AA44 (12.2)62 (11.3)1.09 (0.73-1.65)0.673
GA + GG316 (87.8)488 (88.7)1.00 (reference)
CYP2R1 rs12794714CodominantGG152 (42.2)250 (45.5)1.00 (reference)
GA160 (44.5)238 (43.3)1.10 (0.83-1.46)0.492
AA48 (13.3)62 (11.2)1.27 (0.83-1.95)0.273
Dominant (AA + GA vs GG)AA + GA208 (57.8)300 (54.5)1.14 (0.87-1.49)0.339
GG152 (42.2)250 (45.5)1.00 (reference)
Recessive (AA vs GA + GG)AA48 (13.3)62 (11.2)1.21 (0.81-1.81)0.356
GA + GG312 (86.7)488 (88.8)1.00 (reference)
CYP2R1: 25-hydroxylase; GC: Group-specific component.
Full Size Table
Table 3 Subgroup analysis of group-specific component gene rs4588 polymorphism and nasopharyngeal carcinoma risk, n (%)
Subgroup
Genotype
Case group
Control group
Odds ratio (95%CI)
P value
Gender
MaleGG112 (43.8)192 (49.9)1.00 (reference)
GT108 (42.2)160 (41.6)1.16 (0.83-1.61)0.389
TT36 (14.0)33 (8.5)1.87 (1.11-3.15)0.019
FemaleGG44 (42.3)80 (48.5)1.00 (reference)
GT44 (42.3)70 (42.4)1.14 (0.68-1.92)0.615
TT16 (15.4)15 (9.1)1.94 (0.88-4.28)0.099
Tumor type
Squamous cell carcinomaGG120 (43.5)272 (49.5)1.00 (reference)
GT116 (42.0)230 (41.8)1.14 (0.84-1.55)0.391
TT40 (14.5)48 (8.7)1.89 (1.19-3.00)0.007
Other typesGG36 (42.9)272 (49.5)1.00 (reference)
GT36 (42.9)230 (41.8)1.18 (0.72-1.94)0.506
TT12 (14.2)48 (8.7)1.89 (0.92-3.88)0.084
Full Size Table
Table 4 Association between 25-hydroxylase gene rs12794714 polymorphism and radiotherapy response, n (%)
Genotype
Radiotherapy sensitivity
Radiotherapy resistance
Odds ratio (95%CI)
P value
GG88 (45.8)28 (32.6)1.00 (reference)
GA84 (43.8)40 (46.5)1.49 (0.85-2.62)0.162
AA20 (10.4)18 (20.9)1.76 (1.18-2.63)0.005
Full Size Table
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