Common gamma chain cytokines-driven optimization of chimeric antigen receptor T cells: Mechanistic insights and future directions
Dian-Bao Zuo, Zi-Hao Chen, Yu-Meng Jin, Ming Sang, Xiao-Dong Sun, Ai Guo, Xiao-Yang Li, Jin-Xiang Wu, Kang-Kang Ji, Hai Zhou
Dian-Bao Zuo, Ming Sang, Xiao-Dong Sun, Research Center for Translational Medicine, Xiangyang No. 1 People’s Hospital Affiliated to Hubei University of Medicine, Xiangyang 441000, Hubei Province, China
Zi-Hao Chen, Research Center for Translational Medicine, Postgraduate Union Training Base, Xiangyang No. 1 People’s Hospital Affiliated to Hubei University of Medicine, Xiangyang 441000, Hubei Province, China
Yu-Meng Jin, Research Center for Translational Medicine, Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Parkinson’s Disease, Xiangyang No. 1 People’s Hospital Affiliated to Hubei University of Medicine, Xiangyang 441000, Hubei Province, China
Ai Guo, Xiao-Yang Li, Jin-Xiang Wu, Research Center for Translational Medicine, Hubei Key Laboratory of Wudang Local Chinese Medicine Research, Xiangyang No. 1 People’s Hospital Affiliated to Hubei University of Medicine, Xiangyang 441000, Hubei Province, China
Kang-Kang Ji, Department of Clinical Medical Research, Binhai County People’s Hospital, Yancheng 224500, Jiangsu Province, China
Kang-Kang Ji, College of Biomedicine and Health, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei Province, China
Hai Zhou, Department of Neurosurgery, Binhai County People’s Hospital, Yancheng 224500, Jiangsu Province, China
Co-first authors: Dian-Bao Zuo and Zi-Hao Chen.
Co-corresponding authors: Kang-Kang Ji and Hai Zhou.
Author contributions: Zhou H and Ji KK advanced the primary argument of this review and contributed equally as co-corresponding authors; Zuo DB and Chen ZH made equal contributions as co-first authors; Zuo DB, Chen ZH, and Jin YM wrote the manuscript; Sang M, Sun XD, Guo A, Li XY, and Wu JX provided important insights. All authors have read and approved the final manuscript.
Supported by Faculty Development Grants of Xiangyang No. 1 People’s Hospital Affiliated to Hubei University of Medicine, No. XYY2025D05; Faculty Development Grants of Hubei University of Medicine, No. 2024QDJZR037; Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Provincial Department of Education, No. B2024107; and Innovative Research Programme for Graduates of Hubei University of Medicine, No. S202513249008.
Conflict-of-interest statement: All the authors report no relevant conflicts of interest for this article.
Open Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See:
https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/ Corresponding author: Hai Zhou, MD, PhD, Associate Professor, Chief Physician, Department of Neurosurgery, Binhai County People’s Hospital, No. 299 Coastal Avenue, Yancheng 224500, Jiangsu Province, China.
zhouhai3212@163.com
Received: October 17, 2025
Revised: November 27, 2025
Accepted: January 20, 2026
Published online: February 24, 2026
Processing time: 112 Days and 20.5 Hours
