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©The Author(s) 2026. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Clin Oncol. Jan 24, 2026; 17(1): 112801
Published online Jan 24, 2026. doi: 10.5306/wjco.v17.i1.112801
Published online Jan 24, 2026. doi: 10.5306/wjco.v17.i1.112801
Prognostic significance of PD-L1/PD-1 co-expression and CXCR3-driven inflammatory signatures in Egyptian patients with lymphoproliferative neoplasms
Dalia E Sherief, Nahla Nosair, Aya Mohammed Abdelhameed, Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Kafr Elsheikh University, Kafr Elsheikh 33511, Kafr ash Shaykh, Egypt
Emad Sadaka, Clinical Oncology and Nuclear Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kafr Elsheikh University, Kafr Elsheikh 33511, Kafr ash Shaykh, Egypt
Amira A A Othman, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Suez University, Suez 43511, As Suways, Egypt
Rasha Elgamal, Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez University, Suez 43511, As Suways, Egypt
Author contributions: Sherief DE, Nosair N, Abdelhameed AM, Sadaka E, Othman AAA, and Elgamal R contributed to the conceptualization, drafting of the manuscript, and critical revision; Sherief DE, Nosair N, Abdelhameed AM, Sadaka E, and Othman AAA contributed to the study design and data acquisition; Sherief DE and Othman AAA contributed to the formal analyses, interpretation of results, and accountability for all aspects of the work; Nosair N, Abdelhameed AM, Sadaka E, and Elgamal R contributed to the data analyses; Elgamal R contributed to the data interpretation; All authors approved the final manuscript.
Institutional review board statement: This study received approval from the Scientific Research Ethics Committee of Kafr Elsheikh University (Approval No. KFSIRB200-232). All procedures were conducted in compliance with the ethical principles of the Declaration of Helsinki.
Informed consent statement: All subjects were informed and gave their voluntary, written informed consent.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.
STROBE statement: The authors have read the STROBE Statement-checklist of items, and the manuscript was prepared and revised according to the STROBE Statement-checklist of items.
Data sharing statement: All relevant data are included in this published article.
Open Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Amira A A Othman, MD, PhD, Chief Physician, Professor, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Suez University, Cairo-Suez Road, Suez 43511, As Suways, Egypt. amira.othman@med.suezuni.edu.eg
Received: August 6, 2025
Revised: September 3, 2025
Accepted: November 17, 2025
Published online: January 24, 2026
Processing time: 167 Days and 14.4 Hours
Revised: September 3, 2025
Accepted: November 17, 2025
Published online: January 24, 2026
Processing time: 167 Days and 14.4 Hours
Core Tip
Core Tip: This case-control study explores the prognostic value of programmed death-ligand 1/programmed cell death protein 1 co-expression and C-X-C motif chemokine receptor 3 (CXCR3)-driven immune signatures in Egyptian patients with lymphoproliferative neoplasms. By integrating flow cytometry analysis with systemic inflammation indices (systemic immune-inflammation index and systemic inflammation response index), the study identifies novel biomarker panels predictive of disease stage, recurrence, and survival. Findings support the use of programmed death-ligand 1/CXCR3 and programmed cell death protein 1/CXCR3 as clinically relevant tools for risk stratification in resource-limited settings, paving the way for the personalized management of lymphoproliferative neoplasms.