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©The Author(s) 2025. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Clin Oncol. Nov 24, 2025; 16(11): 108667
Published online Nov 24, 2025. doi: 10.5306/wjco.v16.i11.108667
Published online Nov 24, 2025. doi: 10.5306/wjco.v16.i11.108667
Chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy: Revolutionizing cancer treatment
Samarah Arjumand, Asef Raj, Kazi Milenur Rahman Prattay, Humair Bin Md Omer, Faruque Azam, School of Pharmacy, BRAC University, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh
Faruque Azam, Evidence Based Medicine Research Group, School of Pharmacy, BRAC University, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh
Co-first authors: Samarah Arjumand and Asef Raj.
Author contributions: Arjumand S and Raj A contributed equally to this work; Arjumand S, Raj A and Azam F conceptualized and designed the manuscript; Arjumand S, Raj A and Prattay KMR conducted the literature review and data collection; Arjumand S and Prattay KMR prepared the artwork and illustrations; Arjumand S, Raj A, and Prattay KMR drafted the manuscript; Omer HBM and Azam F critically reviewed and edited the content; all authors read and approved the final version of the manuscript.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declare no conflicts of interest related to this work.
Open Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Faruque Azam, Lecturer, Research Fellow, School of Pharmacy, BRAC University, Kha 224, Pragati Sarani, Merul Badda, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh.
Received: April 20, 2025
Revised: June 22, 2025
Accepted: October 10, 2025
Published online: November 24, 2025
Processing time: 215 Days and 17.8 Hours
Revised: June 22, 2025
Accepted: October 10, 2025
Published online: November 24, 2025
Processing time: 215 Days and 17.8 Hours
Core Tip
Core Tip: This review presents a comprehensive and forward-looking analysis of chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CAR-T) therapy, detailing its structural evolution, manufacturing strategies, and cytotoxic mechanisms. It uniquely integrates emerging advances, such as dual chimeric antigen receptors, SynNotch systems, and universal CAR-T designs. The manuscript also addresses clinical challenges, like antigen escape and cytokine release syndrome, and highlights innovative gene delivery technologies, including viral vectors, CRISPR/Cas9, and RNA-based methods. This work offers a consolidated and insightful resource for researchers and clinicians aiming to advance CAR-T therapy toward safer and more effective cancer treatments.