Copyright
©The Author(s) 2025. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Clin Oncol. Oct 24, 2025; 16(10): 108876
Published online Oct 24, 2025. doi: 10.5306/wjco.v16.i10.108876
Published online Oct 24, 2025. doi: 10.5306/wjco.v16.i10.108876
Robotic approach for lymphadenectomy of internal mammary lymph nodes in breast cancer: Five case reports
Alessandro Pardolesi, Michele Ferrari, Giovanni Leuzzi, Alessia Stanzi, Matteo Calderoni, Clarissa Uslenghi, Piergiorgio Solli, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan 20133, Lombardy, Italy
Marco Scarci, Department of Thoracic Surgery, University College London Hospitals, London W2 1NY, United Kingdom
Federico Raveglia, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo dei Tintori, Monza 20900, Lombardy, Italy
Ugo Cioffi, Department of Surgery, University of Milan, Milan 20122, Lombardy, Italy
Co-corresponding authors: Michele Ferrari and Ugo Cioffi.
Author contributions: Pardolesi A, Leuzzi G, and Stanzi A contributed to the conception and design of the study; Ferrari M and Cioffi U contributed to preparing and submitting the manuscript and all required supplementary files, managing all correspondence with the editorial, ensuring that all authors reviewed and approved the final manuscript version, coordinating responses to post-publication inquiries, and managing any data-sharing requests, they contributed equally to this manuscript and are co-corresponding authors; Calderoni M and Uslenghi C were responsible for data collection and curation. Scarci M and Raveglia F contributed to manuscript drafting; Solli P performed data analysis and interpretation, supervised the overall project, and critically revised the manuscript for intellectual content. All authors reviewed the final version, and approved it for submission.
Informed consent statement: Informed written consent was obtained from the patient for publication of this report and any accompanying images.
Conflict-of-interest statement: All the authors report no relevant conflicts of interest for this article.
CARE Checklist (2016) statement: The authors have read the CARE Checklist (2016), and the manuscript was prepared and revised according to the CARE Checklist (2016).
Open Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Michele Ferrari, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Via Venezian 1, Milan 20133, Lombardy, Italy. michele.ferrari@istitutotumori.mi.it
Received: April 25, 2025
Revised: May 30, 2025
Accepted: September 2, 2025
Published online: October 24, 2025
Processing time: 182 Days and 11.2 Hours
Revised: May 30, 2025
Accepted: September 2, 2025
Published online: October 24, 2025
Processing time: 182 Days and 11.2 Hours
Core Tip
Core Tip: Robotic-assisted surgery for internal mammary lymph node dissection is a highly effective, minimally invasive technique that overcomes the limitations of video-assisted thoracic surgery. It offers superior three-dimensional visualization, greater instrument maneuverability, and improved ergonomics for the surgeon. The panoramic view improves staging and specimen biopsy, while meticulous dissection prevents vascular injury. Proper incision placement is crucial in patients with breast implants. One-lung ventilation may limit eligibility, and high body mass index may increase complexity.