Barriers in early detection of colorectal cancer and exploring potential solutions

Abstract

This editorial discusses the literature review article by Tonini and Zanni, the paper was published in January 2024, and the authors provided very interesting conclusions regarding existing barriers to the early diagnosis of colon cancer. Many cancers do not have identifiable precursors, or there are currently no screening tests to find them. Therefore, these cancers do not have preventive screening options. Early detection is crucial for reducing mortality rates by identifying cancer at an earlier stage through screening, as opposed to no screening. Colorectal cancer develops from precancerous lesions, which can be detected early and potentially prevented and cured. Early detection leads to improved survival rates, decreased complications, and reduced healthcare expenses. This editorial provides a brief description of the biology of colon cancer, emphasizing the contrast in outcomes between early detection and late detection. We also describe screening programs around the globe and examine the barriers in each program. Finally, we explore potential future solutions to enhance inclusion in screening programs and improve patient compliance.

Keywords: Colon cancer; Rectal cancer; Early detection

Core Tip: The incidence of colon cancer is on the rise, affecting increasingly younger populations. Contributing factors include dietary changes, sedentary lifestyles, genetic predispositions, and environmental influences. To combat this trend, promoting awareness and encouraging preventive measures is crucial. Early detection of colon cancer is critical for improving survival rates and treatment outcomes. However, several barriers impede effective screening. This editorial article provides a detailed analysis of the obstacles outlined in Tonini and Zanni's publication and investigates potential strategies to enhance screening delivery to diverse populations.