Hussain Rathore AW, Naveed H, Nadeem A, Ishaque A, Iqbal S, Ilyas U, Arooj T, Rafaqat S. Relationship between the oxidative stress biomarkers and coronary heart disease: Pathogenesis to therapeutic aspects. World J Cardiol 2026; 18(2): 113624 [DOI: 10.4330/wjc.v18.i2.113624]
Corresponding Author of This Article
Saira Rafaqat, PhD, Department of Zoology, Lahore College for Women University, Near Wapda Flats Jail Road, Jubilee Town, Lahore 54000, Punjab, Pakistan. saera.rafaqat@gmail.com
Research Domain of This Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Article-Type of This Article
Minireviews
Open-Access Policy of This Article
This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Feb 26, 2026 (publication date) through Feb 9, 2026
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Journal Information of This Article
Publication Name
World Journal of Cardiology
ISSN
1949-8462
Publisher of This Article
Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA
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Hussain Rathore AW, Naveed H, Nadeem A, Ishaque A, Iqbal S, Ilyas U, Arooj T, Rafaqat S. Relationship between the oxidative stress biomarkers and coronary heart disease: Pathogenesis to therapeutic aspects. World J Cardiol 2026; 18(2): 113624 [DOI: 10.4330/wjc.v18.i2.113624]
Aneeza Waris Hussain Rathore, Hira Naveed, Atif Nadeem, Aqib Ishaque, Uswah Ilyas, Department of Cardiology, Army Cardiac Hospital/CMH Lahore Medical College, Lahore 54000, Punjab, Pakistan
Sadia Iqbal, Tooba Arooj, Saira Rafaqat, Department of Zoology, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore 54000, Punjab, Pakistan
Author contributions: Rafaqat S, Naveed H, Nadeem A, Ishaque A and Ilyas U carried out the study design and data collection; Rafaqat S, Iqbal S, Arooj T and Rathore AWH wrote the manuscript; all authors read and approved the final manuscript; Rafaqat S gave the editing services for the manuscript.
Conflict-of-interest statement: All the authors report no relevant conflicts of interest for this article.
Open Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Saira Rafaqat, PhD, Department of Zoology, Lahore College for Women University, Near Wapda Flats Jail Road, Jubilee Town, Lahore 54000, Punjab, Pakistan. saera.rafaqat@gmail.com
Received: August 31, 2025 Revised: September 30, 2025 Accepted: January 5, 2026 Published online: February 26, 2026 Processing time: 163 Days and 16.9 Hours
Core Tip
Core Tip: Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a disorder that arises when the heart's arteries are unable to adequately pump blood that is rich in oxygen to the heart. A biomarker is a characteristic that is objectively measured and evaluated as an indicator of normal biological processes, pathogenic processes, or pharmacological responses to a therapeutic intervention. Oxidative stress biomarkers include molecules that are altered by interactions with reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the microenvironment and antioxidant system molecules that are altered in response to elevated redox stress. There are many oxidative stress biomarkers in coronary artery disease. Targeting the causes and consequences of ROS by lifestyle changes and pharmacological approaches is part of controlling oxidative stress indicators in CHD.
