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©The Author(s) 2025. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Cardiol. Oct 26, 2025; 17(10): 109731
Published online Oct 26, 2025. doi: 10.4330/wjc.v17.i10.109731
Published online Oct 26, 2025. doi: 10.4330/wjc.v17.i10.109731
Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor in heart failure patients and their outcomes: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Saketh Parsi, Internal Medicine, Ascension Seton Medical Center Austin, Austin, TX 78705, United States
Pallavi D Shirsat, Department of Nephrology, Minden Medical Center, Minden, LA 71055, United States
Lakshmi P Mahali, Department of Endocrinology, Yale New Haven Health, New Haven, CT 06510, United States
Salim Surani, Department of Medicine and Pharmacology, Texas AM University, College Station, TX 77843, United States
Rahul Kashyap, Department of Research, Wellspan Health, York, PA 17403, United States
Author contributions: Parsi S conceptualized, designed the study, and did the literature search; Parsi S, Shirsat PD, and Mahali LP screened titles and abstracts and assessed full-text eligibility; Parsi S, Shirsat PD individually assessed the risk of bias in all the included studies; data extraction was conducted independently by Parsi S and verified by Kashyap R; statistical analysis and meta-analytic computations were performed by Parsi S, with methodological guidance from Kashyap R and Surani S; the initial draft of the manuscript was prepared by Parsi S, and Kashyap R and all authors critically revised it for important intellectual content; all authors have read and approved the final manuscript.
Conflict-of-interest statement: None of the authors have any conflict of interest to disclose.
PRISMA 2009 Checklist statement: The authors have read the PRISMA 2009 Checklist, and the manuscript was prepared and revised according to the PRISMA 2009 Checklist.
Open Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Salim Surani, Professor, Department of Medicine and Pharmacology, Texas AM University, 40 Bizzell Street, College Station, TX 77843, United States.
Received: May 20, 2025
Revised: June 5, 2025
Accepted: September 4, 2025
Published online: October 26, 2025
Processing time: 157 Days and 22.2 Hours
Revised: June 5, 2025
Accepted: September 4, 2025
Published online: October 26, 2025
Processing time: 157 Days and 22.2 Hours
Core Tip
Core Tip: Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor have been incorporated into heart failure (HF) treatment guidelines due to their established benefits in patients with HF. They can be initiated in HF patients irrespective of their diabetes history. These medications significantly lower the risk of hospitalization for HF. SGLT2 inhibitor may also reduce cardiovascular deaths and all-cause mortality in HF patients, though the statistical significance of these outcomes has not been consistently demonstrated across all studies.