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©The Author(s) 2025. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
Mild myocardial injury during percutaneous coronary intervention based on minor changes on electrocardiogram and heart rate variability
Illya A Chaikovsky, Dmytro O Dziuba, Olga A Kryvova, Kyrylo S Malakhov, Oleksandr P Romanchuk, Borys M Todurov, Оleg A Loskutov
Illya A Chaikovsky, Dmytro O Dziuba, Оleg A Loskutov, Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Shupyk National Healthcare University, Kyiv 04112, Ukraine
Illya A Chaikovsky, Department of Contactless Control Systems, V.M. Glushkov Institute of Cybernetics of the National Academy of Sciences, Kyiv 03187, Ukraine
Olga A Kryvova, Department of Medical Information Technologies, International Research and Training Center of the National Academy of Sciences, Kyiv 03187, Ukraine
Kyrylo S Malakhov, Microprocessor Technology Lab, V.M. Glushkov Institute of Cybernetics of the National Academy of Sciences, Kyiv 03187, Ukraine
Oleksandr P Romanchuk, Department of Internal and Family Medicine, Lesya Ukrainka Volyn National University, Lutsk 43025, Ukraine
Borys M Todurov, Department of Cardiosurgery, X-ray and Extracorporeal Technologies, Shupyk National Healthcare University, Kyiv 04112, Ukraine
Borys M Todurov, Department of Extracorporeal Methods of Treatment, Heart Institute Ministry of Health of Ukraine, Kyiv 02166, Ukraine
Оleg A Loskutov, Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care for Infectious Diseases, Clinical Hospital No. 4, Kyiv 02000, Ukraine
Author contributions: Chaikovsky ІА, Dziuba DО, Todurov BM and Loskutov ОА conceptualized the study; Dziuba DО, Chaikovsky ІА developed the methodology of the study; Kryvova OA developed the software, provided the data visualization; Dziuba DО, Loskutov ОА validated the study, performed the investigation, implemented the data curation; Chaikovsky ІА, Kryvova OA performed the formal analysis of the study; Todurov BM provided the resources for the study; Chaikovsky ІА, Dziuba DО and Kryvova OA wrote the original draft of the manuscript; Chaikovsky ІА, Dziuba DО, Romanchuk OP, Malakhov KS performed review and editing of the subsequent versions; Loskutov ОА, Romanchuk OP supervised the study; Chaikovsky ІА, Dziuba DО and Malakhov KS conducted the project administration; all authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.
Supported by The National Research Foundation of Ukraine, No. 2023.04/0094
Institutional review board statement: The study was conducted according to the guidelines of the Declaration of Helsinki, and approved by the Ethics Committee of Shupik National Healthcare University of Ukraine.
Informed consent statement: Informed consent was obtained from all subjects involved in the study.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declare no conflict of interest.
STROBE statement: The authors have read the STROBE Statement-checklist of items, and the manuscript was prepared and revised according to the STROBE Statement- checklist of items.
Data sharing statement: All datasets generated for this study are included in the article/
Supplementary material.
Open Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See:
https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/ Corresponding author: Oleksandr P Romanchuk, MD, PhD, Full Professor, Department of Internal and Family Medicine, Lesya Ukrainka Volyn National University, Bankova Street 9, Lutsk 43025, Ukraine.
romanchuk.oleksandr@vnu.edu.ua
Received: July 23, 2025
Revised: August 13, 2025
Accepted: November 11, 2025
Published online: December 26, 2025
Processing time: 159 Days and 1.8 Hours
BACKGROUND
As cardiovascular mortality continues to increase globally, percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with stent placement stands out as a cutting-edge and highly effective treatment for severe cardiovascular diseases. However, the inherent invasiveness of any endovascular procedure introduces the risk of coronary vessel and myocardial damage.
AIM
To evaluate the utility of a novel electrocardiographic metric in detecting subtle myocardial injuries after coronary stenting.
METHODS
This investigation was conducted in 2021 at the Kyiv Heart Institute of the Ministry of Healthcare of Ukraine. The study involved 23 patients who underwent PCI, each subjected to a meticulous preoperative examination. A paired measurement approach was employed, encompassing 3-minutes electrocardiogram (ECG) recordings both before and several hours following the operation, using a compact ECG device. Each pair of ECG underwent a thorough analysis, scrutinizing 240 primary and computed ECG parameters.
RESULTS
The analysis delineated a distinct subgroup exhibiting significant myocardial damage post-stenting. This subgroup was characterized by an older average age and more stents than their counterparts. Notably, a concurrent reduction in the psychoemotional state index was observed alongside the ECG alterations in these patients, suggesting a correlation between myocardial damage and psychoemotional distress. Introducing a new electrocardiographic index has illuminated the often-subtle myocardial damage incurred during PCI.
CONCLUSION
The newly devised electrocardiographic metric is a significant advancement in the early detection of myocardial damage following PCI, able to capture not only physiological but also psychoemotional changes.
Core Tip: The inherent invasiveness of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) introduces the risk of coronary vessel and myocardial damage. The aim of this study is to evaluate the utility of a novel electrocardiographic metric in detecting subtle myocardial injuries after coronary stenting. The study involved 23 patients who underwent PCI. A paired measurement approach was employed both before and several hours following the operation, using a proprietary electrocardiogram scoring system. The analysis delineated a distinct subgroup exhibiting significant myocardial damage post-stenting. The newly devised electrocardiographic metric proves to be a significant advancement in the early detection of myocardial damage following PCI.
