Serum gastrin and Helicobacter pylori infection correlate with tumor aggressiveness and prognosis in gastric cancer

Table 1 Gastrin and Helicobacter pylori quantitative assays, mean ± SD

	n	Gastrin level (pmol/L)	Helicobacter pylori quantitative assays (disintegrations per minute)
Gastric cancer group	226	26.02 ± 7.93	275.42 ± 62.36
Control group	100	16.02 ± 4.10	163.36 ± 59.63
t		18.09	12.99
P value		< 0.001	< 0.001

Table 2 Relationship between gastrin and pathologic features

	Gastrin-negative	Gastrin-positive	χ2	P value
n	90	136
TNM staging			9.637	0.002
I-II	51	50
III-IV	39	86
Lymphatic metastasis			5.899	0.015
No	69	84
Yes	21	52
Degrees of differentiation			5.265	0.022
Medium-high differentiation	67	82
Low differentiation	23	54

TNM: Tumor-nodes-metastasis.

Table 3 Relationship between Helicobacter pylori infection and pathologic features

	Helicobacter pylori-negative	Helicobacter pylori-positive	χ2	P value
n	53	173
TNM staging			0.208	0.648
I-II	25	77
III-IV	28	96
Lymphatic metastasis			0.109	0.741
No	35	117
Yes	18	56
Degrees of differentiation			1.614	0.204
Medium-high differentiation	31	117
Low differentiation	22	56

TNM: Tumor-nodes-metastasis.

Table 4 Logistic regression for gastrin positivity

Predictor	Coefficient (β)	P value	95%CI (lower, upper)	Interpretation
PPI use (yes)	1.567	0.037	(0.095, 3.039)	PPI use significantly increases odds of high gastrin
Helicobacter pylori (positive)	–0.401	0.39	(-1.317, 0.514)	Not statistically significant
Tumor location (body)	0.291	0.562	(-0.694, 1.276)	Not significant
Tumor location (esophagogastric junction)	0.286	0.569	(-0.697, 1.268)	Not significant
TNM stage (III-IV)	–0.143	0.738	(-0.983, 0.696)	Not significant

TNM: Tumor-nodes-metastasis; CI: Confidence interval; PPI: Proton pump inhibitor.