Copyright: ©Author(s) 2026. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license. No commercial re-use. See permissions. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.
World J Gastrointest Oncol. Jul 15, 2026; 18(7): 119971
Published online Jul 15, 2026. doi: 10.4251/wjgo.v18.i7.119971
Published online Jul 15, 2026. doi: 10.4251/wjgo.v18.i7.119971
Factors associated with complete clinical response after neoadjuvant therapy in locally advanced rectal cancer: A Mexican retrospective study
Ismael Brito-Toledo, Department of Colon and Rectum, Oncology Hospital, National Medical Center, Mexican Institute for Social Security, Cuauhtémoc 06720, Mexico City, Mexico
Jesús Alberto Sansón-Riofrío, Department of Surgical Oncology, General Hospital 33, Mexican Institute for Social Security, Bahía de Banderas 63735, Nayarit, Mexico
Maria Teresa Cervantes-Díaz, Department of Research, Oncology Hospital, National Medical Center, Mexican Institute for Social Security, Cuauhtémoc 06720, Mexico City, Mexico
Jazmín de Anda-González, Department of Pathology, Oncology Hospital, National Medical Center, Mexican Institute for Social Security, Cuauhtémoc 06720, Mexico City, Mexico
Rafael Medrano-Guzmán, Department of Sarcomas and Upper Gastrointestinal Tract, Oncology Hospital, National Medical Center, Mexican Institute for Social Security, Cuauhtémoc 06720, Mexico City, Mexico
Emilio Moreno-González, Antonio Ibarra, Health Sciences Research Center, Anahuac University, Huixquilucan 52786, Mexico City, Mexico
Eduardo Vadillo, Oncology Research Unit, Mexican Institute for Social Security, Cuauhtémoc 06720, Mexico City, Mexico
Co-corresponding authors: Eduardo Vadillo and Antonio Ibarra.
Author contributions: Brito-Toledo I designed the study; Brito-Toledo I and Sansón-Riofrío JA were responsible for developing the methodology; Cervantes-Díaz MT and De Anda-González J participated in the formal analysis and investigation; Brito-Toledo I, Moreno-González E, Ibarra A and Vadillo E wrote the original draft; Medrano-Guzmán R participated in the review and editing of the manuscript.
Institutional review board statement: The Mexican Institute for Social Security Ethics Committee reviewed and approved the study (Approval No. R-2025-3602-022).
Informed consent statement: All locally advanced rectal cancer patients signed informed consent prior to beginning neoadjuvant therapy.
Conflict-of-interest statement: All the authors report no relevant conflicts of interest for this article.
STROBE statement: The authors have read the STROBE Statement—checklist of items, and the manuscript was prepared and revised according to the STROBE Statement—checklist of items.
Data sharing statement: No additional data are available.
Corresponding author: Eduardo Vadillo, PhD, Oncology Research Unit, Mexican Institute for Social Security, Av Cuauhtémoc No. 330 Colonia Doctores, Cuauhtémoc 06720, Mexico City, Mexico. evadillo@hotmail.com
Received: February 12, 2026
Revised: March 10, 2026
Accepted: March 26, 2026
Published online: July 15, 2026
Processing time: 144 Days and 22.9 Hours
Revised: March 10, 2026
Accepted: March 26, 2026
Published online: July 15, 2026
Processing time: 144 Days and 22.9 Hours
Core Tip
Core Tip: Recognizing the high prevalence of locally advanced rectal cancer at presentation in the Mexican population, we assessed 101 patients with clinical stage II-III rectal cancer who underwent neoadjuvant therapy and found, consistent with global literature, that approximately 20% of patients achieved a complete response, while tumor size was inversely correlated with the probability of achieving a complete clinical response.