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©The Author(s) 2025. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Gastrointest Oncol. Dec 15, 2025; 17(12): 113853
Published online Dec 15, 2025. doi: 10.4251/wjgo.v17.i12.113853
Published online Dec 15, 2025. doi: 10.4251/wjgo.v17.i12.113853
Lymphocyte to C-reactive protein ratio as a novel inflammatory biomarker: Validation and clinical relevance as an independent prognostic factor in cholangiocarcinoma
Fan Xiao, Wei-Feng Tan, Hepatobiliary Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
De-Hua Zhou, Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Shanghai Fourth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200434, China
Guo-Wei Liu, Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital, Shanghai 200031, China
Chao-Wei Lin, Technical Support, Jingyin Electronic Technology, Shanghai 200030, China
Zi-You Wu, Wei Gong, Department of General Surgery, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
Zi-You Wu, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Southwest Hospital Affiliated to the Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400000, China
Hua Yu, Department of General Surgery, Shanghai Fourth People’s Hospital School of Medicine Tongji University, Shanghai 200434, China
Co-first authors: Fan Xiao and De-Hua Zhou.
Author contributions: Xiao F and Zhou DH contributed equally to this work as co-first authors. Xiao F led the study design, data interpr
Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 82170412.
Institutional review board statement: This retrospective study was conducted in accordance with the ethical standards of the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the Ethics Committee of Shanghai Fourth People’s Hospital (Approval No. 2025097-001).
Informed consent statement: This study is a retrospective analysis utilizing de-identified historical data. All information was anonymiz
Conflict-of-interest statement: All the authors report no relevant conflicts of interest for this article.
Data sharing statement: The datasets are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
Open Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the ori
Corresponding author: Wei-Feng Tan, MD, PhD, Professor, Hepatobiliary Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, No. 389 Xincheng Road, Putuo District, Shanghai 200092, China. twf1231@163.com
Received: September 5, 2025
Revised: September 28, 2025
Accepted: November 3, 2025
Published online: December 15, 2025
Processing time: 97 Days and 19.8 Hours
Revised: September 28, 2025
Accepted: November 3, 2025
Published online: December 15, 2025
Processing time: 97 Days and 19.8 Hours
Core Tip
Core Tip: This pioneering study establishes the lymphocyte to C-reactive protein ratio (LCR) as the first validated inflammatory biomarker for predicting survival and postoperative outcomes in cholangiocarcinoma. We demonstrate that a low preoperative LCR (< 180) independently correlates with a 4.5-fold increase in the risk of prolonged hospitalization, elevated risk of surgical site infections (odds ratio = 4.41), and significantly reduced median survival (14.93 months vs 46.67 months). As a cost-effective prognostic tool, LCR facilitates refined patient stratification, thereby supporting optimized surgical decision-making and postoperative management.