Ginger mitigates acrylamide-induced hepatotoxicity through antioxidant and anti-inflammatory mechanisms in rats

doi:10.4254/wjh.v17.i10.109807

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Oct 27, 2025 (publication date) through Nov 18, 2025

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World Journal of Hepatology

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1948-5182

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World J Hepatol. Oct 27, 2025; 17(10): 109807
Published online Oct 27, 2025. doi: 10.4254/wjh.v17.i10.109807

Ginger mitigates acrylamide-induced hepatotoxicity through antioxidant and anti-inflammatory mechanisms in rats

Ahmed El-Sayed Nour El Deen, Fatma Rashed, Amira Osman, Osama Khalil Farag, Ahmed F Abdel Ghany, Almoatazbellah Mahmoud Elsayed, Sherif M A Mansour, Mohammed Abdel Aziz Mohammed, Reda S Taha, Sami Ahmed Zaher Basha, Mostafa Mahmoud Youssef Mohamed, Ahmad Taha

Ahmed El-Sayed Nour El Deen, Osama Khalil Farag, Ahmed F Abdel Ghany, Mohammed Abdel Aziz Mohammed, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Assuit 002, Egypt

Ahmed El-Sayed Nour El Deen, Almoatazbellah Mahmoud Elsayed, Reda S Taha, Mostafa Mahmoud Youssef Mohamed, Ahmad Taha, Departments of Basic Medical and Clinical Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Zarqa University, Zarqa 00962, Jordan

Fatma Rashed, Depertment of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Damanhour University, Behera 2025, Egypt

Amira Osman, Department of Anatomy and Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Mutah University, Karak 61710, Jordan

Amira Osman, Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El Sheikh 33516, Egypt

Almoatazbellah Mahmoud Elsayed, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Assuit 002, Egypt

Sherif M A Mansour, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Assuit 002, Egypt

Reda S Taha, Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine in Damietta, Al-Azhar University, Damietta 057, Egypt

Sami Ahmed Zaher Basha, Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Zarqa University, Zarqa 00962, Jordan

Sami Ahmed Zaher Basha, Department of Cardiovascular Pulmonary and Geratrics Physical Therapy, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Pharos University in Alexandria, Alexandria 21548, Egypt

Ahmad Taha, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine Port Said University, Port Said 42534, Egypt

Author contributions: Nour El Deen AES, Osman A, Abdel Ghany AF, Mansour S and Taha A were involved in the study concept, design, preparing the questioner of the study, and contributed to data acquisition; Nour El Deen AES, Rashed F, and Abdel Ghany AF performed statistical analysis and designed the figures; Nour El Deen AES, Rashed F, Abdel Ghany AF, Taha RS, and Mohamed MMY wrote the manuscript; Nour El Deen AES, Rashed F, and Mohamed MMY performed data interpretation; Osman A, Taha RS, and Mohamed MMY performed the data collection; all the authors reviewed the manuscript and finally approved it for submission.

Institutional animal care and use committee statement: All animal procedures were approved by the Institutional Animal Ethics Committee of Al-Azhar University (No. RP/NA/PHY/09/10/2023) and National Institutes of Health regulations for the care and use of laboratory animals.

Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

ARRIVE guidelines statement: The authors have read the ARRIVE guidelines, and the manuscript was prepared and revised according to the ARRIVE guidelines.

Data sharing statement: The datasets generated and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

Open Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/

Corresponding author: Ahmed El-Sayed Nour El Deen, Professor, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Grees, Assuit 002, Egypt. a.nourelden@zu.edu.jo

Received: May 22, 2025
Revised: July 3, 2025
Accepted: September 4, 2025
Published online: October 27, 2025
Processing time: 158 Days and 14.8 Hours

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Acrylamide (ACR), a toxic compound commonly found in heat-processed foods, poses a serious risk to liver health due to its oxidative and inflammatory effects.

AIM

To evaluate the hepatoprotective potential of ginger extract in mitigating ACR-induced liver toxicity in a rat model.

METHODS

Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned into control, ACR-treated, and ACR + ginger-treated groups. Liver function enzymes [alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP)], oxidative stress biomarkers [malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD)], and histopathological assessments were performed. In addition, gene expression analyses of key antioxidant and inflammatory markers were conducted using quantitative polymerase chain reaction.

RESULTS

ACR administration significantly increased serum levels of ALT, AST, ALP, and MDA, while reducing levels of GSH, CAT, and SOD. Histological analysis revealed hepatic degeneration and inflammation. Co-administration of ginger extract significantly reversed these effects, restoring antioxidant enzyme levels, reducing oxidative stress, and improving liver histoarchitecture.

CONCLUSION

Ginger extract exhibited strong hepatoprotective effects against ACR-induced toxicity through antioxidant and anti-inflammatory mechanisms. These findings support the potential role of ginger as a natural dietary intervention for mitigating liver damage caused by environmental toxins. Further clinical studies are recommended to confirm its efficacy in human populations.

Keywords: Acrylamide; Ginger; Hepatotoxicity; Antioxidants; Oxidative

Core Tip: Acrylamide (ACR), a common toxin in processed foods, poses serious risks to liver health through oxidative stress and inflammation. This study tested whether ginger extract could protect the liver against ACR damage in rats. The results showed that ginger significantly improved liver function, reduced oxidative damage, and supported antioxidant defenses. These findings suggest that ginger may serve as a natural and accessible dietary strategy to protect the liver from toxins found in everyday food. This research highlights the potential of ginger as a safe supplement to prevent food-related liver injury.