Hypoxia facilitates triple-negative breast cancer stem cells enrichment and stemness maintenance through oxidized ataxia telangiectasia mutated-induced one-carbon metabolism

doi:10.4252/wjsc.v18.i1.112278

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World Journal of Stem Cells

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1948-0210

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

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World J Stem Cells. Jan 26, 2026; 18(1): 112278
Published online Jan 26, 2026. doi: 10.4252/wjsc.v18.i1.112278

Table 1 Genomic coordinates (GRCh38) and primer sequences for the cloned serine hydroxymethyltransferase 2 and methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase 2 promoter fragments

Plasmid construct	GRCh38 coordinates	Forward primer (5'-3')	Reverse primer (5'-3')
pGL3-basic-SHMT2	chr12	5’-GATAGGTACCGAGCTCTTACGCGTTCCGGCTAAGGGGAGATTT-3’	5’-CAGTACCGGAATGCCCAGCTTTCCGGAAGTCGCAGGAGGT-3’
pGL3-basic-MTHFD2	chr2	5’-GATAGGTACCGAGCTCTTACGCGTACAGACATGGTCCTTTAGTACT-3’	5’-CAGTACCCGGAATGCCAAGCTTAGACCCGCGCGGTGACTG-3’

MTHFD2: Methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase 2; SHMT2: Serine hydroxymethyltransferase 2.

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Table 2 Core and control sequences of short hairpin RNA against target genes

Target gene	shRNA sequence (5’-3’)
ATM	CTCTATCATGTTCTAGTTGA
	AAACAATTAAACATCTAGAT
	CAGCCTCAACACAAGCCTCC
MTHFD2	GCTGGGTATATCACTCCAGTT
	GCCTCTTCCAGAGCATATTGA
	GGATCAGTATTCCATGTTACC
SHMT2	CUGGCCUCAUUGACUACAATT
	GGUGUGUGAUGAAGUCAAATT
	GGGUCAACAUUGGCUUAGATT
c-Myc	GCTTCACCAACAGGAACTATG
	GGAAACGACGAGAACAGTTGA
	GCTTGTACCTGCAGGATCTGA
NC	TTCTCCGAACGTGTCACGT
	TTCTCCGAACGTGTCACGT
	CGCTTCCGCGGCCCGTTCAA

shRNA: Short hairpin RNA; ATM: Ataxia telangiectasia mutated; MTHFD2: Methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase 2; SHMT2: Serine hydroxymethyltransferase 2; NC: Negative control.

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Citation: Yang D, Ou YL, Wang SH, Jin HJ, Chen SH, Han R, Zhang H. Hypoxia facilitates triple-negative breast cancer stem cells enrichment and stemness maintenance through oxidized ataxia telangiectasia mutated-induced one-carbon metabolism. World J Stem Cells 2026; 18(1): 112278
URL: https://www.wjgnet.com/1948-0210/full/v18/i1/112278.htm
DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.4252/wjsc.v18.i1.112278