Published online Sep 26, 2014. doi: 10.4252/wjsc.v6.i4.448
Revised: August 27, 2014
Accepted: August 30, 2014
Published online: September 26, 2014
Processing time: 65 Days and 9.7 Hours
Core tip: Tissue kallikrein-kinin exerts beneficial actions in the cardiovascular, renal and central nervous systems. Recent studies demonstrated that genetic modification of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) by tissue kallikrein provides enhanced protection against renal ischemia/reperfusion, lupus nephritis, myocardial infarction and hindlimb ischemia. Tissue kallikrein stimulates the proliferation, viability, migration and functional activity of cultured MSCs, EPCs and neural stem cells. Moreover, plasma kallikrein-kinin augments EPC mobility and function in arthritis, whereas the cleaved kininogen product of plasma kallikrein inhibits EPC viability and tube formation. Thus, kallikrein-kinin may enhance the efficacy of stem cell therapy for human diseases.