RNA-centered mechanisms sustaining self-renewal in hepatocellular carcinoma stem cells: Effector dosage, protein output and regulatory deployment

doi:10.4252/wjsc.125599

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World Journal of Stem Cells

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1948-0210

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

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Copyright: ©Author(s) 2026. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license. No commercial re-use. See permissions. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc.

World J Stem Cells. Sep 26, 2026; 18(9): 125599
Published online Sep 26, 2026. doi: 10.4252/wjsc.125599

RNA-centered mechanisms sustaining self-renewal in hepatocellular carcinoma stem cells: Effector dosage, protein output and regulatory deployment

Yi Deng, Long Yan

Yi Deng, Long Yan, Department of Oncology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan Province, China

Co-first authors: Yi Deng and Long Yan.

Author contributions: Deng Y and Yan L drafted the manuscript as co-first authors; Deng Y developed the initial concept and framework for the manuscript and revised the manuscript. Both of the two authors contributed to the content and critical review of the manuscript, and approved the final version to publish.

AI contribution statement: Portions of this manuscript were edited using AI tools solely for language refinement. The authors carefully reviewed and verified all AI-assisted outputs and take full responsibility for the scientific content of the manuscript.

Conflict-of-interest statement: All the authors report no relevant conflicts of interest for this article.

Corresponding author: Yi Deng, MD, Department of Oncology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, No. 139 Renmin Middle Road, Changsha 410011, Hunan Province, China. dengyi@csu.edu.cn

Received: July 14, 2026
Revised: August 12, 2026
Accepted: September 11, 2026
Published online: September 26, 2026
Processing time: 75 Days and 18.6 Hours

Core Tip

Core Tip: Here, we examine how RNA molecules and RNA-processing machineries maintain functional self-renewal by controlling self-renewal effectors. Rather than cataloging RNA classes, we organize the evidence by molecular operation. RNA mechanisms first tune effector dosage and availability through transcript repression, stabilization, export, translational access and protein turnover.