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World J Stem Cells. May 26, 2026; 18(5): 115486
Published online May 26, 2026. doi: 10.4252/wjsc.v18.i5.115486
Published online May 26, 2026. doi: 10.4252/wjsc.v18.i5.115486
Innovations in the treatment of endometrial diseases: Role of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells and their exosomes
He-Lin Wang, Li-Mei Liu, College of Medical Technology, Beihua University, Jilin 132013, Jilin Province, China
He-Lin Wang, Xiao-Yan Pan, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Jilin Medical University, Jilin 132013, Jilin Province, China
Shi-Dong Zhang, Ting Liu, Department of Research and Development, Zhongke Juyan Stem Cell Research Institute, Jilin 132013, Jilin Province, China
Co-corresponding authors: Li-Mei Liu and Xiao-Yan Pan.
Author contributions: Wang HL, Liu LM, and Pan XY conceived and designed the study; Wang HL performed the formal analysis and data curation, and wrote the original draft; Wang HL, Zhang SD, and Liu T conducted the investigation; Wang HL, Zhang SD, and Liu LM provided resources; Wang HL, Zhang SD, Liu T, Liu LM, and Pan XY reviewed and edited the manuscript; Pan XY supervised the project and acquired funding. Liu LM and Pan XY contributed equally to this work as co-corresponding authors. This equal contribution is justified by their distinct and collaborative roles: Liu LM co-conceived the study, provided critical resources, and contributed to manuscript revision; Pan XY co-conceived the study, led the project administration and funding acquisition, and is designated as the corresponding author responsible for all communication with the journal and handling of administrative requirements. All authors have read and approved the final manuscript.
Supported by the Scientific and Technological Research Project of Jilin Province, No. 20240305074YY; and the Industrial Technology Research and Development Project of the Jilin Provincial Development and Reform Commission, No. 2023C027-8.
Conflict-of-interest statement: All the authors report no relevant conflicts of interest for this article.
Corresponding author: Xiao-Yan Pan, Professor, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Jilin Medical University, No. 5 Jilin Street, Fengman District, Jilin 132013, Jilin Province, China.
Received: October 20, 2025
Revised: January 1, 2026
Accepted: February 25, 2026
Published online: May 26, 2026
Processing time: 219 Days and 22.9 Hours
Revised: January 1, 2026
Accepted: February 25, 2026
Published online: May 26, 2026
Processing time: 219 Days and 22.9 Hours
Core Tip
Core Tip: This review offers a critical analysis of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell and exosome therapies for endometrial diseases. It synthesizes compelling mechanistic and clinical evidence while rigorously identifying the key translational roadblocks - standardization, clinical validation, and safety - that must be overcome to move from promising research to widespread clinical practice.