Post-translational modifications in the oral microenvironment: Stem cell regulation from periodontal regeneration to oral cancer therapy

doi:10.4252/wjsc.v17.i11.112702

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Nov 26, 2025 (publication date) through Nov 26, 2025

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World Journal of Stem Cells

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1948-0210

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Baishideng Publishing Group Inc, 7041 Koll Center Parkway, Suite 160, Pleasanton, CA 94566, USA

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World J Stem Cells. Nov 26, 2025; 17(11): 112702
Published online Nov 26, 2025. doi: 10.4252/wjsc.v17.i11.112702

Post-translational modifications in the oral microenvironment: Stem cell regulation from periodontal regeneration to oral cancer therapy

Wei Liu, Yuan-Yuan Yang, Zhuo-Jin Shi

Wei Liu, Department of Oral Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China

Yuan-Yuan Yang, Department of Prosthodontics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, Zhejiang Province, China

Zhuo-Jin Shi, School/Hospital of Stomatology, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang Province, China

Author contributions: Liu W and Yang YY conducted literature review and drafted the manuscript; Shi ZJ conceptualized the study, provided critical revisions, and supervised the overall work.

Conflict-of-interest statement: All the authors report no relevant conflicts of interest for this article.

Open Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/

Corresponding author: Zhuo-Jin Shi, DDS, School/Hospital of Stomatology, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, No. 548 Binwen Road, Hangzhou 310053, Zhejiang Province, China. shizhuojin@yeah.net

Received: August 4, 2025
Revised: September 16, 2025
Accepted: November 6, 2025
Published online: November 26, 2025
Processing time: 115 Days and 1 Hours

Core Tip

Core Tip: Post-translational modifications act as dynamic molecular codes that steer dental-derived mesenchymal stem cells through a continuum from periodontal regeneration to oral squamous cell carcinoma stem-cell plasticity. This review integrates single-cell and spatial multi-omics evidence to map a sequential cascade-acetylation, crotonylation, phosphorylation, trimethylation, ubiquitination and N6-methyladenosine RNA methylation-that reprograms lineage commitment, immune evasion and therapy resistance. Identifying tractable post-translational modification enzymes (e.g., general control non-depressible 5, enhancer of zeste homolog 2, methyltransferase-like 3) clarifies actionable levers for regeneration and oncology.