Luo ZW, Sun YY, Lin JR, Qi BJ, Chen JW. Exosomes derived from inflammatory myoblasts promote M1 polarization and break the balance of myoblast proliferation/differentiation. World J Stem Cells 2021; 13(11): 1762-1782 [PMID: 34909122 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v13.i11.1762]
Corresponding Author of This Article
Ji-Wu Chen, MD, PhD, Academic Research, Chief Doctor, Professor, Department of Sports Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China. jeevechen@gmail.com
Research Domain of This Article
Cell Biology
Article-Type of This Article
Basic Study
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Luo ZW, Sun YY, Lin JR, Qi BJ, Chen JW. Exosomes derived from inflammatory myoblasts promote M1 polarization and break the balance of myoblast proliferation/differentiation. World J Stem Cells 2021; 13(11): 1762-1782 [PMID: 34909122 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v13.i11.1762]
Zhi-Wen Luo, Ya-Ying Sun, Jin-Rong Lin, Bei-Jie Qi, Department of Sports Medicine, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
Ji-Wu Chen, Department of Sports Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
Author contributions: Chen JW, Luo ZW, and Sun YY designed and performed most of the experiments, analyzed and interpreted the data, and wrote the manuscript; Luo ZW and Lin JR assisted during the acquisition, analysis, and interpretation of data and revised the manuscript; Luo ZW, Qi BJ, and Sun YY assisted with data acquisition and revision of the manuscript; all authors have reviewed and approved the final version of the manuscript; Luo ZW and Sun YY contributed equally to this study.
Supported byNational Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 81772419 and No. 81972062.
Institutional animal care and use committee statement: The experiments in this study were approved by Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 20171248A703.
Conflict-of-interest statement: The authors declare that they have no competing interests, and all authors should confirm its accuracy.
Data sharing statement: The datasets used and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
ARRIVE guidelines statement: The authors have read the ARRIVE Guidelines, and the manuscript was prepared and revised according to the ARRIVE Guidelines.
Corresponding author: Ji-Wu Chen, MD, PhD, Academic Research, Chief Doctor, Professor, Department of Sports Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China. jeevechen@gmail.com
Received: May 1, 2021 Peer-review started: May 1, 2021 First decision: June 16, 2021 Revised: June 28, 2021 Accepted: September 2, 2021 Article in press: September 2, 2021 Published online: November 26, 2021 Processing time: 207 Days and 22.1 Hours
Core Tip
Core Tip: For successful muscle regeneration, macrophage polarization and myogenesis should be supported by an appropriate combination of cells and their signals. As the communication between myoblasts and macrophages within the inflammatory environment is unknown, we aimed to evaluate the effects of IF-C2C12-Exos on macrophage polarization and myoblast proliferation/differentiation. We found that IF-C2C12-Exos could induce M1 polarization, resulting in a sustained and exacerbated inflammatory environment, impaired myoblast fibrogenic/myogenic differentiation, and led to abnormal myogenic proliferation. These results indicate a potential mechanism for the development of long-term inflammation following acute muscle injury, but further preclinical evaluations targeting IF-C2C12-Exos in animal models are necessary.
