Advancing mechanistic insights and clinical translation of exosomal miR-137-3p in endometrial regeneration

Abstract

This study by Zhang et al elucidates the role of exosome miR-137-3p targeting ubiquitin protein ligase E3C to activate signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 under hypoxia conditions, thereby promoting the migration and differentiation of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells to endometrial epithelial cells. It emphasizes that exosomal miR-137-3p/ubiquitin protein ligase E3C/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 axis is a promising pathway for endometrial regeneration. This article introduced the therapeutic potential of exosomal microRNAs in regenerative medicine while underscoring the need for standardized protocols in optimizing exosome delivery and validating molecular pathways for clinical translation.

Keywords: Exosomal miR-137-3p; Ubiquitin protein ligase E3C; Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3; Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells; Endometrial regeneration; Clinical translation

Core Tip: Zhang et al employed integrated bioinformatics analysis and functional validation to demonstrate that hypoxia-induced exosomal miR-137-3p promotes human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell migration and differentiation into endometrial epithelial cells by targeting ubiquitin protein ligase E3C and activating the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3. These findings provide novel insights into exosome-mediated stem cell therapy for thin endometrium. This article underscored the paramount importance of elucidating underlying mechanisms and rigorously assessing translational potential. Further investigation focusing on mechanism depth and transformation feasibility is essential to robustly facilitate the clinical translation of this promising therapeutic strategy.