Review
Copyright ©The Author(s) 2020.
World J Gastroenterol. Jun 14, 2020; 26(22): 2948-2966
Published online Jun 14, 2020. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v26.i22.2948
Table 1 Comparison of type 1, type 2 and surgically induced diabetes mellitus
Type 1 DMType 2 DMType 3 DM
PathogenesisChronic autoimmune disorder; the immune system attacks endogenous pancreatic β-cellsProgressive metabolic disorder characterized by insulin resistanceChronic disorder induced by partial or total pancreatectomy
Prevalence5% to 10% of diagnosed diabetics90% to 95% percent of diagnosed diabetics1% of diagnosed diabetics
OnsetAbruptGradualShortly after surgery
Age of onsetVaries (commonly in childhood or puberty)Commonly over 35 yrCommonly over 50 yr
Genetic predispositionModerateVery strongModerate
Body habitusThin or normalOften obeseNormal, overweight or obese
KetoacidosisCommonRareRare
β-cell depletionSevere (over 80%)Mild (24% to 65%)Mild to total (up to 100%)
Plasma insulinLow to absentNormal or increasedLow to absent