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©The Author(s) 2026. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.
World J Gastroenterol. Feb 28, 2026; 32(8): 114268
Published online Feb 28, 2026. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v32.i8.114268
Published online Feb 28, 2026. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v32.i8.114268
Progression after endoscopic treatment for type I gastric neuroendocrine tumors: A single-center retrospective study
Ze-Liang Yang, Yong Liu, Li-Zhou Dou, Yue-Ming Zhang, Hoi-Ioi Ng, Shun He, Gui-Qi Wang, Department of Endoscopy, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
Hui-Ke Wang, Yihe-Bali Chi, Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
Co-first authors: Ze-Liang Yang and Hui-Ke Wang.
Co-corresponding authors: Yihe-Bali Chi and Gui-Qi Wang.
Author contributions: Yang ZL and Wang HK participated in the conception and design of the study and were involved in the acquisition, analysis, or interpretation of data, they contributed equally to this manuscript and are co-first authors; Liu Y, Dou LZ, Zhang YM, Ng HI, and He S were involved in the acquisition, analysis, or interpretation of data; Yang ZL wrote the manuscript; Chi YB and Wang GQ accessed and verified the study data, they contributed equally to this manuscript and are co-corresponding authors. All authors critically reviewed and provided final approval of the manuscript; and all authors were responsible for the decision to submit the manuscript for publication.
Supported by the CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences, No. 2021-I2M-1-061, No. 2021-I2M-1-013, and No. 2021-1-I2M-015.
Institutional review board statement: This investigation was approved by the Ethics Committee of National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College in accordance with the ethical standards outlined in the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its subsequent amendments.
Informed consent statement: The need for patient consent was waived due to the retrospective nature of the study.
Conflict-of-interest statement: All the authors report no relevant conflicts of interest for this article.
Data sharing statement: The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author, upon reasonable request.
Open Access: This article is an open-access article that was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial. See: https://creativecommons.org/Licenses/by-nc/4.0/
Corresponding author: Gui-Qi Wang, MD, PhD, Academic Fellow, Professor, Department of Endoscopy, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 17 Panjiayuan Nanli, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100021, China. wangguiq@126.com
Received: September 23, 2025
Revised: November 7, 2025
Accepted: January 4, 2026
Published online: February 28, 2026
Processing time: 141 Days and 18.5 Hours
Revised: November 7, 2025
Accepted: January 4, 2026
Published online: February 28, 2026
Processing time: 141 Days and 18.5 Hours
Core Tip
Core Tip: Endoscopic treatment is the standard therapy for type I gastric neuroendocrine tumors, but it may not address underlying disease mechanisms. In this retrospective study of 128 patients, 41 experienced progression. Multivariate Cox regression identified adjuvant somatostatin analog use as a protective factor (hazard ratio = 0.38, 95% confidence interval: 0.17-0.90, P = 0.027) and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio ≥ 2 as a risk factor (hazard ratio = 2.14, 95% confidence interval: 1.08-4.26, P = 0.030). Kaplan-Meier analysis confirmed both as independent prognostic variables. These findings suggest that combining endoscopic therapy with somatostatin analogues improves outcomes. Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio may serve as a simple marker to guide risk stratification.