Transanal minimally invasive surgery vs endoscopic mucosal resection for rectal benign tumors and rectal carcinoids: A retrospective analysis

Table 1 Characteristics of the patients and tumors

Characteristics	TAMIS, n = 44	EMR, n = 53	P value
Age, yr	64.25 ± 10.85	60.70 ± 10.38	0.104
Gender, n (%)			0.383
Male	21 (47.7)	30 (56.6)
Female	23 (52.3)	23 (44.4)
BMI, kg/m2	22.88 ± 2.46	22.43 ± 1.98	0.322
Tumor size, cm	1.47 ± 0.96	1.14 ± 0.53	0.033
Benign	1.46 ± 1.02	1.06 ± 0.50	0.024
Carcinoid	1.52 ± 0.72	1.64 ± 0.45	0.702
Distance from the anal verge, cm	7.39 ± 1.86	8.83 ± 2.95	0.006
Final pathology, n (%)1			0.220
Benign	34 (77.3)	46 (86.8)
Carcinoid	10 (22.7)	7 (13.2)

¹Benign tumors refer to rectal adenomas and rectal polyps. BMI: Body mass index; EMR: Endoscopic mucosal resection; TAMIS: Transanal minimally invasive surgery.

Table 2 Operative characteristics and outcome of transanal minimally invasive surgery and transanal minimally invasive surgery

Characteristics	TAMIS, n = 44	EMR, n = 53	P value
Operative time, min	49.95 ± 15.28	21.19 ± 9.49	< 0.001
Blood loss, mL	12.48 ± 8.00	11.45 ± 7.82	0.527
Length of stay, d	3.50 ± 1.87	2.72 ± 1.98	0.065
Resection margins, n (%)			0.109
Negative	44 (100)	50 (94.3)
Positive	0 (0)	3 (5.7)
Fragmentation, n (%)	0 (0)	12 (22.6)	0.001

EMR: Endoscopic mucosal resection; TAMIS: Transanal minimally invasive surgery.

Table 3 Complication rate of transanal minimally invasive surgery and transanal minimally invasive surgery

Complication	TAMIS, n = 44	EMR, n = 53	P value
Any, n (%)	7 (15.9)	17 (32.1)
Hemorrhage, n (%)	0 (0)	10 (18.9)	0.002
Urinary retention, n (%)	6 (13.6)	1 (1.9)	0.026
Postoperative infection, n (%)	1 (2.3)	1 (1.9)	0.894
Reoperation, n (%)1	0 (0)	5 (9.4)	0.036
Resection margin involvement, n	0	3
Postoperative Bleeding, n2	0	1
Perforation, n	0	1

¹Radical resection of rectal cancer for resection margin involvement, endoscopic clip hemostasis for postendoscopic mucosal resection bleeding, intestinal perforation repair for perforation.

²Post-operative bleeding was defined when the following parameters were satisfied: (1) Occurred up to 30 d after transanal minimally invasive surgery/ endoscopic mucosal resection; (2) Hematochezia, melena or dizziness; (3) Required endoscopic hemostasis; and (4) Hemoglobin loss > 2 g/dL. EMR: Endoscopic mucosal resection; TAMIS: Transanal minimally invasive surgery.