Incidence of portal vein thrombosis after splenectomy and its influence on transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt stent patency

Table 1 Demographic characteristics of the patients

Characteristics		Groups		P value
		A	B
n	486	289	197	0.614
Gender	Male	148	108	0.715
	Female	141	89
Age in yr		36.25 ± 15.43	35.20 ± 14.14	0.710
Etiology	Hepatitis B	184	131	0.743
	Hepatitis C	51	32
	Ethanol consumption	34	26
	Cryptogenic hepatitis	10	8
Child-Pugh score	A	37	21	0.584
	B	213	153
	C	35	27
Model for end-stage liver disease score		9.49 ± 2.05	9.35 ± 1.99	0.508
Variceal bleeding	365	215	150	0.329
Refractory ascites	121	76	45	0.672
Both variceal bleeding and refractory ascites	86	52	34	0.481
Laboratory tests
Alanine transaminase as U/L		59.34 ± 11.41	63.05 ± 10.17	0.742
Aspartate transaminase as U/L		72.36 ± 12.09	68.45 ± 13.23	0.689
Alkaline phosphatase as U/L		193.43 ± 24.62	208.49 ± 32.54	0.893
Total bilirubin as μmol/L		14.03 ± 5.15	16.21 ± 4.28	0.754
Albumin as g/L		31.29 ± 1.46	29.19 ± 1.48	0.431
Prothrombin time in s		14.72 ± 3.28	15.43 ± 3.17	0.638
Platelet count as × 109/L		45.27 ± 12.38	38.39 ± 13.47	0.374
Clinical presentation
Abdominal distention		146	85	0.243
Abdominal pain		78	49	0.217
Weakness		46	37	0.158
Poor appetite		163	117	0.362
Jaundice		42	29	0.293
Lower limbs edema		32	24	0.675
Endoscopic therapy		538	372	0.427
Ascites paracentesis		227	147	0.489

Table 2 Clinical characteristics of the patients

Characteristics	Group		n	Portal vein thrombosis		Portal vein thrombo-sis rate		χ2	P va-lue
				Yes	No
Portal vein thrombosis	A		289	65	224	11.0		25.60	0.003
	B		197	87	110	44.2
				TIPS success		TIPS success rate (%)
				Yes	Not
TIPS	A		289	255	34	88.2		19.28	0.016
	B		197	144	53	73.1
Portosystemic gradient (mmHg) Pre-TIPS	A	255		32.43 ± 6.64					0.447
	B	144		31.90 ± 4.63
Portosystemic gradient (mmHg) Post-TIPS	A	255		11.15 ± 1.20				0.027	0.605
								0.025

TIPS: Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt.

Table 3 Clinical characteristics of the patients in stent primary patency rate

Time	Group	Patency		Patency rate, %	χ2	P value
		Yes	Not
3 mo	A	249	6	97.6	15.18	0.006
	B	127	17	88.1
6 mo	A	226	29	88.6	10.34	0.011
	B	109	35	75.7
9 mo	A	215	40	84.3	14.24	0.023
	B	98	46	68.1
12 mo	A	177	78	69.4	25.93	0.032
	B	65	79	45.1
2 yr	A	130	125	51.0	22.75	0.037
	B	38	106	26.4
3 yr	A	78	177	30.6	21.39	0.028
	B	18	126	12.5
		Median stent patency in mo	Four quantile spacing in mo
Total	A	12	(10, 14)				0.001

Table 4 Clinical characteristics of the patients in recurrent bleeding rate

Time	Group	Bleeding		Recurrence of bleeding, %	χ2	P value
		Yes	No
3 mo	A	13	242	5.1	12.13	≤ 0.001
	B	21	123	14.6
6 mo	A	25	230	9.8	19.53	0.003
	B	37	107	25.7
9 mo	A	39	216	15.3	13.18	0.005
	B	43	101	29.8
12 mo	A	51	204	20.0	20.90	0.008
	B	57	87	39.6
2 yr	A	74	181	29.0	12.10	0.011
	B	65	79	45.1
3 yr	A	102	153	40.0	16.20	0.016
	B	86	58	59.7
		Median recurrent bleeding in mo	Four quantile spacing in mo
Total	A	10	(8, 12)
	B	5	(4, 7)			≤ 0.001

Table 5 Clinical characteristics of the patients in recurrence of ascites

Time	Group	Ascites		Recurrence of ascites, %	χ2	P value
		Yes	No
3 mo	A	15	240	5.9	9.82	0.001
	B	24	120	16.7
6 mo	A	26	229	10.2	16.15	0.005
	B	35	109	24.3
9 mo	A	51	204	20.0	12.16	0.012
	B	51	93	35.4
12 mo	A	87	168	34.1	4.50	0.024
	B	63	81	43.8
2 yr	A	71	184	27.8	6.56	0.018
	B	57	87	39.6
3 yr	A	104	151	40.8	10.02	0.017
	B	81	63	56.3
		Median recurrent of ascites in mo		Four quantile spacing in mo
Total 3 yr	A	11		(6, 16)			0.009
	B	16		(12, 19)

Table 6 Clinical characteristics of the patients in survival rate and incidence of hepatic encephalopathy

Characteristics	Group	Survival		Survival rate, %	χ2	P value
		Yes	No
1 yr	A	237	18	92.9	6.98	0.008
	B	123	21	85.4
2 yr	A	214	41	83.9	14.362	0.021
	B	98	46	68.1
3 yr	A	177	78	69.4	7.701	0.018
	B	81	63	56.3
		HE		Morbidity, %
		Yes	Not
HE	A	70	185	27.5	0.40	0.527
	B	35	109	24.3

HE: Hepatic encephalopathy.