Residual anorectal malignant melanoma presenting as polyp-like lesion detected during colonoscopic withdrawal observation: A case report and review of literature

Table 1 Literature review of case reports on anorectal mucosal melanoma in the past 5 years

No.	Ref.	Gender (M/F)	Age (year)	Clinical symptoms	Tumor size (cm)	Tumor location	Endoscopic features	Hyperpigmentation (Y/N)
1	Hokama et al[21], 2021	M	65	Hematochezia, anal pain	/	Rectum	Ulcerating type	N
2	Angelo et al[20], 2024	F	61	Rectal bleeding, prolapsed anal mass	4.00	Anal canal	Nodular type	N
3	De la Mora-Romero et al[22], 2024	F	50	Hematochezia, perianal pain	4.00	Anal canal	Polypoid type	Y
4	Zhong et al[23], 2025	F	51	Hematochezia	2.50	Colorectal junction	Polypoid type	/
5	Parajuli et al[24], 2025	M	71	Perianal pain, pain during defecation	6.00	Rectum	Nodular type	Y
6	Ren et al[25], 2025	F	67	Hematochezia, altered bowel habits	1.50	Near the dentate line	Nodular type	33.3% with hyperpigmentation
		F	70	Hematochezia	2.00	Near the dentate line	Cauliflower-like
		F	67	Hematochezia	3.00	Near the dentate line	Cauliflower-like
		F	53	Altered bowel habits	3.00	Near the dentate line	Cauliflower-like
		F	52	Prolapsed anal mass	2.00	Near the dentate line	Cauliflower-like
		F	69	Hematochezia	2.00	Near the dentate line	Nodular type
		F	56	Sensation of anal heaviness	3.00	Near the dentate line	Cauliflower-like
		M	50	Asymptomatic	0.50	Near the dentate line	Nodular type
		F	39	Sensation of anal heaviness	3.00	Near the dentate line	Cauliflower-like
7	Dubey et al[26], 2025	F	56	Rectal bleeding	12.40	Rectum	Ulcerating type	/
8	El Achchi et al[27], 2025	F	61	Rectal syndrome, anemia	/	Perianal	Ulcerating type	Y
		F	65	Hematochezia, rectal syndrome	6.00	Rectum	Nodular type	Y
9	Khan et al[28], 2024	F	71	Rectal bleeding, constipation	4.00	Perianal	Nodular type	/
10	Souhaib et al[29], 2024	M	73	Rectal syndrome, rectal bleeding	5.00	Perianal	Ulcerating type	Y
11	Wong et al[30], 2024	F	61	Anal pain, rectal bleeding, altered bowel habits	1.00	Perianal	Polypoid type	Y
12	Thatipalli et al[31], 2024	M	67	Altered bowel habits, pain during defecation, rectal bleeding	7.00	Rectum	Ulcerating type	Y
13	Xiong et al[32], 2024	F	58	Hematochezia	2.20	8 cm from the anal margin	Nodular type	Y
14	Amoako-Teming et al[33], 2023	M	71	Anemia, rectal bleeding	1.00	Anal canal	Ulcerating type	/
15	Elouali et al[34], 2023	M	63	Tenesmus and pain preceding evacuations, rectal bleeding	3.00	3 cm from the anal margin	Ulcerating type	Y
16	El Youssi et al[35], 2023	F	60	Altered bowel habits, pain preceding evacuations	5.00	4 cm from the anal margin	Ulcerating type	Y
17	Alazki et al[36], 2023	F	57	Lower abdominal pain	2.50	3 cm from the anal margin	Polypoid type	Y
18	Biswas et al[37], 2023	F	69	Pain preceding evacuations, rectal bleeding	/	Anorectal junction	Nodular type	/
19	Apostu et al[38], 2021	F	66	Tenesmus and pain preceding evacuations, rectal bleeding	2.80	Anorectal junction	Cauliflower-like	N
20	Nafees et al[4], 2020	M	69	Tenesmus and pain preceding evacuations	16.00	Rectum	Ulcerating type	N
21	Li et al[39], 2020	F	85	Fecal incontinence	1.00	Near the dentate line	Polypoid type	Y
22	Dai et al[40], 2020	F	48	Hematochezia, anal pain	3.00	3 cm from the anal margin	Nodular type	N
23	Lian et al[41], 2020	F	43	Asymptomatic	1.00	Anal canal	Polypoid type	Y

M: Male; F: Female; Y: Yes; N: No.